Sentences with gene / chemical entities

Positive correlations were found between the level of carbonic anhydrase B and arterial CO2 tension and plasma HCO3 concentration . - pubmed

These findings suggest that the synthesis or degradation of carbonic anhydrase B isozyme is affected by arterial CO2 tension or plasma HC03 concentration . - pubmed

The 4 S to 5 S molar RNA ratio of the monosomes was calculated to be 0.6 , indicating 0.6 tRNA and/or aminoacyl tRNA molecule per ribosome ; no peptidyl tRNA was present . - pubmed

Diet , drug therapy ( Sulfonamide derivatives , biguanides , insulin ) ] . - pubmed

substance P ( measured as peak increases in lung resistance in cm H2O / ml per s ) at 6 h following antigen was noted in the presence of IL-1ra ( 30 mg / kg i.p . ) - pubmed

The behavioral effects of DMDS were reversed by naloxone and the kappa receptor antagonist nor - binaltorphimine diHCl , suggesting kappa opioid involvement in these behavioral changes . - pubmed

Below 14 degrees C , the data are consistent with a model in which interaction of MgATP with nitrogenase is fast and irreversible , and is followed by reversible electron transfer . - pubmed

From the extent and from the rate of the absorbance change , the rate constants for electron transfer from Fe protein to MoFe protein and of the reverse reaction were calculated . - pubmed

Analysis of the data obtained in the temperature range between 6 degrees C and 12 degrees C within the framework of the transition - state theory show that electron transfer from the Fe protein to the MoFe protein occurs via a highly disordered transition state with activation parameters delta H(0 ) + + = 289 kJ.mol-1 and delta S(0 ) + + = 792 J.K-1.mol-1 . - pubmed

Sequence segments of about 140 amino acids in length , each containing a selected consensus region , were used in alignments of the aminoacyl - tRNA synthetases with the aim of discerning their evolutionary relationships . - pubmed

Group II enzymes include those activating threonine , proline , serine , lysine , aspartic acid , asparagine , histidine , alanine , glycine , and phenylalanine . - pubmed

Within each group , enzymes specific for chemically similar amino acids tend to cluster together , indicating that a major theme of synthetase evolution involved the adaptation of binding sites to accommodate related amino acids with subsequent specialization to a single amino acid . - pubmed

In a few cases , however , synthetases activating dissimilar amino acids are grouped together . - pubmed

In order to increase water - solubility , solid complexes of polyacetylene compounds with alpha - cyclodextrin ( CD ) were prepared . - pubmed

Stimulation of platelets with thrombin leads to rapid degradation of inositol phospholipids , generation of diacylglycerol ( DAG ) and subsequent activation of protein kinase C ( PKC ) . - pubmed

Previous studies indicated that prior activation of PKC with phorbol myristate acetate ( PMA ) desensitizes platelets to thrombin stimulation , as indicated by a decreased production of inositol phosphates and decreased Ca2 + mobilization . - pubmed

This suggests that PKC activation generates negative - feedback signals , which limit the phosphoinositide response . - pubmed

To test this hypothesis further , we examined the effects of PKC activators and inhibitors on thrombin - stimulated DAG mass formation in platelets . - pubmed

Pretreatment with PMA abolishes thrombin - stimulated DAG formation ( 50 % inhibition at 60 nM ) . - pubmed

Pretreatment of platelets with the PKC inhibitors K252a or staurosporine potentiates DAG production in response to thrombin ( 3 - 4 - fold ) when using concentrations required to inhibit platelet PKC ( 1 - 10 microM ) . - pubmed

K252a does not inhibit phosphorylation of endogenous DAG or phosphorylation of a cell - permeant DAG in unstimulated platelets , indicating that DAG over - production is not due to inhibition of DAG kinase . - pubmed

Sphingosine , a PKC inhibitor with a different mechanism of action , also potentiates DAG formation in response to thrombin . - pubmed

Several lines of evidence indicate that DAG formation under the conditions employed occurs predominantly by phosphoinositide ( and not phosphatidylcholine ) hydrolysis : ( 1 ) PMA alone does not elicit DAG formation , but inhibits agonist - stimulated DAG formation ; ( 2 ) thrombin - stimulated DAG formation is inhibited by neomycin ( 1 - 10 mM ) but not by the phosphatidate phosphohydrolase inhibitor propranolol ; and ( 3 ) no metabolism of radiolabelled phosphatidylcholine was observed upon stimulation by thrombin or PMA . - pubmed

These data provide strong support for a role of PKC in limiting the extent of platelet phosphoinositide hydrolysis . - pubmed

In 6 a systemic accumulation of phytanic acid was demonstrated , together with low phytanic acid oxidase activity in skin fibroblasts in 5 of them . - pubmed

One dimensional SDS - PAGE showed four bands , present in control BLM and ischemic apical membranes , which could not be found in control apical membrane fractions . - pubmed

The effects of inositol hexaphosphate ( IHP ) and a second allosteric effector , bezafibrate , on the spin - state equilibria of the mixed - spin derivatives of ferric human hemoglobin A are examined . - pubmed

ACTH induced significant increases in plasma and salivary cortisol but in no case was a dose / response relationship detected . - pubmed

New information about the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of first - generation H1 receptor antagonists such as chlorpheniramine has become available in the past few years . - pubmed

Comprehensive pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of new relatively nonsedating H1 receptor antagonists such as terfenadine , astemizole , loratadine , and cetirizine are appearing . - pubmed

Calpain II required 400 microM calcium , a reducing agent , and pH = 7.5 for maximal activity . - pubmed

These data suggest that RU 41740 acts directly on PMN membrane receptors . - pubmed

Serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone ( LH ) values remained within normal limits indicating resistance of Leydig cells to chemotherapy . - pubmed

Thus the drug has markedly altered the subcellular distribution of the glycoproteins so that they accumulate in the internal smooth membranes but are virtually absent in the plasma membrane . - pubmed

Significance of elevated urinary N - acetyl - beta - D - glucosaminidase activity in chronic cadmium poisoning . - pubmed

Urinary NAG activity increased with increasing beta 2 - m concentration up to about 100 U / g creatinine ; above this value the NAG activity did not increase with increasing beta 2 - m concentration . - pubmed

Urinary NAG activity thus represents another useful indicator of renal tubular damage caused by Cd poisoning since the mechanisms for the excretion of NAG and beta 2 - m into urine are thought to be different . - pubmed

It is concluded that PCMB releases the blocking effect of intracellular Na on apical Na channels . - pubmed

Bilirubin behaves as a peroxidase substrate for prostaglandin H synthase . - pubmed

Cell sublines of low and high metastatic potential expressed equally abl oncogene - coded mRNA and its phosphoprotein product p160 , and the capacity of p160 to become autophosphorylated with gamma -[ 32P ] ATP was the same among low and high metastatic cells . - pubmed

Regulation of corticosteroid hydroxylations : the intramitochondrial dielectric constant and proteolipids of adrenodoxin and cytochrome P450 . - pubmed

Applications : determination of plasma free fatty acids , serum lipase and post - heparin plasma triglyceride - lipases ] . - pubmed

The heme environment in horse heart ferrocytochrome c. - pubmed

Vascular smooth muscle differs from myocardial tissue in several critical ways : ( 1 ) calcium ion entry is achieved by at least two channels ; ( 2 ) both alpha-1 and alpha-2 postjunctional receptors regulate vascular tone ; ( 3 ) calmodulin increases the activity of the myosin light chain kinase ; ( 4 ) cyclic AMP decreases rather than increases cytosolic calcium ion concentration ; ( 5 ) angiotensin increases vascular tone without a positive inotropic effect by acting on angiotensin receptors which ultimately increase vascular cytosolic calcium . - pubmed

About 70 % of H-2Kb activity could be eluted from anti - H-2Kb - immunoadsorbents in the presence of 3 M NH4SCN and octyl glucoside ( pH 7.4 ) . - pubmed

On the mechanism of turnover of the carboxy - terminal tyrosine of the alpha chain of tubulin . - pubmed

The removal of tyrosine from the carboxyl terminus of the alpha chain of tubulin occurs predominantly from those tubulin dimers that are part of microtubules , and is dependent upon microtubular treadmill metabolism . - pubmed

This factor is neither tubulin : tyrosine ligase , the enzyme that catalyzes the addition of tyrosine to the carboxylterminal position of the alpha chain of tubulin , nor a carboxypeptidase - like activity . - pubmed

The reactions of metmyoglobin ( metMb ) and methemoglobin ( metHb ) , oxidized to their respective oxoferryl free radical species ( .Mb - FeIV = O/.Hb-4FeIV = O ) by tert - butyl hydroperoxide ( t - BuOOH ) , with nitric oxide ( NO . ) - pubmed

were studied by a combination of optical , electron spin resonance ( ESR ) , ionspray mass ( MS ) , fluorescence , and chemiluminescence spectrometries to gain insight into the mechanism by which NO . - pubmed

eliminated the signals of tyrosyl radical detected by ESR and oxoferryl detected by MS in the reaction of t - BuOOH with metMb . - pubmed

As evidenced by MS of apomyoglobin , this effect was due to the two - electron reduction of .Mb - FeIV = O by NO . - pubmed

The apparent volume of distribution was directly proportional to the nonalbumin protein concentration and ranged from 23 to 60 L. We conclude that the pharmacokinetics of 6 - MNA in this population are complicated by possible protein binding changes . - pubmed

We find that all transfectomas expressing IgM kappa encoded by VH 4 - 21 make IgM autoantibodies reactive with i , a linear poly - N - acetyllactosamine determinant present on neonatal red blood cells and a B cell - restricted isoform of the CD45 surface molecule . - pubmed

Thrombin induced a sustained contractile response with an initial transient increase in IP3 to about 160 % of the unstimulated control . - pubmed

Omission of extracellular Ca2 + or preincubation with verapamil ( 10 mumol / L ) reduced the maximum of contraction without significantly affecting the thrombin - induced increase in IP3 . - pubmed

To evaluate the role of PKC for the contractile response , the PKC was activated directly by phorbol 12,13 - dibutyrate ( PDBu , 50 nmol / L ) . - pubmed

Preincubation with the PKC inhibitor staurosporine ( 50 nmol / L ) significantly reduced the PDBu - induced contraction ( by about 80 % ) . - pubmed

In thrombin - stimulated vessels staurosporine only inhibited the tonic phase of the contractile response whereas the increase in IP3 and the phasic component of contraction were still evident . - pubmed

The phasic component of contraction is associated with the generation of IP3 ; the tonic component might be due to the activation of PKC . - pubmed

Microinjection of the excitatory amino acid L - glutamate into the nucleus tractus solitarii ( NTS ) elicits decreases in arterial pressure and heart rate . - pubmed

Microinjection of L - glutamate into the NTS caused rapid , transient , dose - related decreases in mean arterial pressure and heart rate . - pubmed

This study suggests that NTS neurons exert differential effects on renal , mesenteric , and hindquarter vascular beds and that glutamate - induced regional hemodynamic changes are mediated predominantly through autonomic pathways . - pubmed

Using altered DNA specificity Bicoid mutants and appropriate reporter genes , we show that Bicoid distinguishes among related DNA - binding sites in vivo by a specific contact between amino acid 9 of its recognition alpha - helix ( lysine 50 of the homeodomain ) and bp 7 of the site . - pubmed

Our results also demonstrate that Bicoid binds directly to those genes whose transcription it regulates and that the amino acid 9 contact is necessary for Bicoid to direct anterior pattern formation . - pubmed

In the beta - lactam resistant strains the enzyme activity and isoelectric points were determined on crude enzyme extract . - pubmed

The neurochemistry of vomiting involves serotonin and serotonin S3 receptors . - pubmed

The major classes of antiemetics include serotonin S3 receptor antagonists , phenothiazines and metoclopramide . - pubmed

We usually recommend a serotonin S3 receptor antagonist alone for less emetogenic regimens or in conjunction with dexamethasone for more emetogenic regimens . - pubmed

Subpicogram determination of oxytocin by an enzyme immunoassay using acetylcholinesterase as label . - pubmed

We measured the plasma ACTH and ME and PVN levels of CRH , and also of AVP , because AVP , another secretagogue of ACTH , has its cell body in the PVN and axon terminals partly in the ME . - pubmed

In the control perfusions , the hypothalamic release of CRH and AVP and the plasma ACTH did not change significantly during the entire period of observation. - pubmed

Ran / TC4 , in turn , interacts with a number of proteins that are involved in the regulation of GTP hydrolysis or are components of the nuclear pore . - pubmed

In solution binding assays , Ran - GTP bound p97 with high affinity , but the binding of Ran - GDP to p97 was undetectable . - pubmed

The addition of RanBP1 with Ran - GDP or Ran - GTP increased the affinity of both forms of Ran for p97 to the same level . - pubmed

Binding of Ran - GTP to p97 dissociated p97 from immobilized NLS receptor while the Ran - GDP / RanBP1 / p97 complex did not dissociate from the receptor . - pubmed

In a digitonin - permeabilized cell docking assay , RanBP1 stabilizes the receptor complex against temperature - dependent release from the pore . - pubmed

When added to an import assay with recombinant NLS receptor , p97 and Ran - GDP , RanBP1 significantly stimulates transport . - pubmed

These results suggest that RanBP1 promotes both the docking and translocation steps in nuclear protein import by stabilizing the interaction of Ran - GDP with p97 . - pubmed

To quantify the relatively large amount of O2.- generated over a 40 - min period by 1 x 10(6 ) granulocytes / mL , a discontinuous " 10 - min pulse " method employing cytochrome c was used ; 140 nmol O2.- per 1 x 10(6 ) cells was detected . - pubmed

The addition of catalase to remove extracellular H2O2 had no effect on DNA breakage . - pubmed

Renin - angiotensin system ( RAS ) is a methabolic pathway producing octapeptid angiotensin II ( AII ) with vasoconstrictive effects , which is also involved in the regulation of water homeostasis and electrolyte balance in the organism . - pubmed

The clock 's responses to light can , however , be reduced when glucose availability is decreased . - pubmed

Treatments were 1 ) control ( no added fat ) ; 2 ) tallow ( T ) , iodine value ( IV ) = 51.5 ; 3 ) partially hydrogenated tallow ( PHT ) , IV = 30.7 ; 4 ) hydrogenated tallow ( HT ) , IV = 6.9 ; 5 ) blend ( 1 : 1 ) of HT and hydrogenated free fatty acids ( HTHFA ) , IV = 9.0 ; and 6 ) hydrogenated free fatty acids ( HFA ) , IV = 11.2 . - pubmed

Flows of total C16 , total C18 , and total fatty acids to the duodenum were increased by supplemental fat ; flows of total C18 and total fatty acids were greater than their intake for all treatments . - pubmed

Digestibility of total fatty acids entering the small intestine ( 74 , 71 , 62 , 39 , 53 , and 63 % for treatments 1 to 6 , respectively ) was greater for the control diet than for fat - supplemented diets and decreased as either saturation ( T & lt ; PHT & lt ; HT ) or esterification ( HFA & lt ; HTHFA & lt ; HT ) increased . - pubmed

MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS : Muscle sympathetic nerve activity , assessed by microneurography of the peroneal nerve , blood pressure , heart rate , minute ventilation , transcutaneous oxygen saturation , and end tidal PCO(2 ) were measured during normal breathing , mask breathing , and CPAP at 5 and 10 cm H ( 2 ) O. - pubmed

Mono - chlorinated harmans were detected by concentration using blue rayon ( BR ) and GC / MS analysis in the final effluent from a sewage treatment plant in Shizuoka , Japan . - pubmed

Six separate alanine - substituted mutations were generated in 3 highly conserved motifs of FANCC . - pubmed

Cells bearing a naturally occurring FANCC mutation ( 322delG ) that preserves this conserved region showed normal STAT1 activation but remained hypersensitive to MMC . - pubmed

In addition , ( -)U50,488H stimulation enhanced phosphorylation of the Flag - hkor , but not Flag - rkor . - pubmed

( -)U50,488H - induced phosphorylation of the Flag - hkor was reduced by expression of the dominant negative mutant GRK2 - K220R , demonstrating the involvement of G protein - coupled receptor kinases ( GRKs ) . - pubmed

However , expression of GRK2 and arrestin-2 or GRK3 and arrestin-3 did not result in desensitization or phosphorylation of the Flag - rkor after ( -)U50,488H pretreatment . - pubmed

These results indicate that there are differences in ( -)U50,488H - induced desensitization and phosphorylation between the hkor and the rkor . - pubmed

Electron paramagnetic resonance ( EPR ) analysis showed two different signals , reflecting the presence of two different types of high - spin Fe sites with different symmetries . - pubmed

First , the W71V mutation led to a change in the relative proportion of the two Fe - based EPR signals . - pubmed

LPL plays a dual role in lipid metabolism both in the hydrolysis of triglyceride - rich lipoproteins and also as a molecular bridge , enhancing the receptor - mediated uptake of lipoproteins both by the liver ( anti - atherogenic ) but also by receptors on the artery wall ( pro - atherogenic ) . - pubmed

Results from a prospective study on CAD risk in healthy middle - aged men show that the risk associated with the LPL - D9N variant , which has a modest effect on plasma triglyceride levels , is enhanced up to 10 fold , but only in men who smoke . - pubmed

A BCR standard reference material of lichen ( CRM 482 ) was used to validate an analytical procedure consisting of a microwave oven digestion associated with ICP - OES , ICP - MS and GFAAS techniques for the analysis of trace elements ( Al , B , Ba , Cd , Co , Cr , Cu , Fe , Mn , Ni , Pb , Ti , V and Zn ) in biomonitor samples . - pubmed

All of the SECIS variants were shown to permit Sec insertion in phage ( by chemical modification of the Sec residue ) and fused to lacZalpha ( by beta - galactosidase assay ) . - pubmed

Exogenous expression of PEG10 conferred oncogenic activity and transfection of hepatoma cells with antisense S - oligonucleotides suppressing PEG10 resulted in their growth inhibition . - pubmed

OBJECTIVE : This study examined strength and bioactive ( remineralizing ) properties of a powder / liquid formulation ( Cement I ) and a more practical two - paste formulation ( Cement II ) of a fluoride - releasing resin - based Ca - PO ( 4 ) cement . - pubmed

On each tooth , two defined areas were coated , one with a composite resin ( calcium - free control ) , the other with either Cement I or II . - pubmed

Corticotropin and cortisone ; dosage and ratio of intramuscular and intravenous corticotropin ( ACTH ) and oral cortisone in treatment of certain dermatoses . - pubmed

Some characteristics of coagulation and von Willebrand factor during short term use of ticlopidine or clopidogrel ] . - pubmed

Levels of F1 + 2 , TAT and vWF were measured at baseline , on days 1 , 3 , 7 and 14 ( 7 days after discontinuation of thienopyridines ) . - pubmed

In substudy with clopidogrel differences between groups existed only in vWF levels . - pubmed

This could be interpreted as delayed effect of ticlopidine on thrombin activity . - pubmed

Functional expression of P2Y1 and P2Y2 / P2Y4 , but not P2Y6 , receptors in intact glomeruli was confirmed by measuring the relative stimulation of the inositol phosphate pathway induced by selective agonists of a particular receptor subtype . - pubmed

In the first assay stage , activated KSR1 is incubated with recombinant c - Raf-1 and ATP . - pubmed

In the second stage , activated c - Raf-1 is separated from KSR1 , and incubated with unactivated MEK1 , unactivated MAPK , Elk-1 , and ATP . - pubmed

Further , a complete inactivation of KSR1 - bound MEK1 by pretreating with the MEK inhibitor PD 98059 prior to the first assay stage did not alter KSR1 kinase activity . - pubmed

PURPOSE : Muscle insulin resistance is characterized by the inability of a normal insulin concentration to produce a favorable rate of glucose uptake . - pubmed

, glucose transport , is correlated with an increased expression of GLUT4 protein . - pubmed

Preventing GLUT4 overexpression during exercise training will inhibit the improvement in insulin - stimulated glucose transport . - pubmed

Urinary zinc excretion and serum insulin were significantly higher in the same group , although the insulinemia and the parameters of zinc nutritional status were not significantly correlated . - pubmed

The 5 - HT4 receptor agonist , tegaserod , is a potent 5 - HT2B receptor antagonist in vitro and in vivo . - pubmed

1 Tegaserod ( Zelnorm ) is a potent 5 - hydroxytryptamine4 ( 5 - HT4 ) receptor agonist with clinical efficacy in disorders associated with reduced gastrointestinal motility and transit . - pubmed

The present study investigated the interaction of tegaserod with 5 - HT2 receptors , and compared its potency in this respect to its 5 - HT4 receptor agonist activity . - pubmed

5 The data from this study indicate that tegaserod antagonizes 5 - HT2B receptors at concentrations similar to those that activate 5 - HT4 receptors . - pubmed

It remains to be determined whether this 5 - HT2B receptor antagonist activity of tegaserod contributes to its clinical profile . - pubmed

In the first step of protein synthesis , aminoacyl - tRNA synthetases react with amino acid and ATP to form an enzyme - bound adenylate that , in the next step , reacts with tRNA to form aminoacyl - tRNA . - pubmed

The reaction liberates pyrophosphate ( PP ( i ) ) which , in turn , can be hydrolyzed by pyrophosphatase to drive efficient aminoacylation . - pubmed

The bound adenylate does not react efficiently with the liberated PP(i ) that normally competes with tRNA to resynthesize ATP and free amino acid . - pubmed

Effects of histone deacetylase inhibitor FR901228 on the expression level of telomerase reverse transcriptase in oral cancer . - pubmed

In the present study , the epigenetic effects of the histone deacetylase ( HDAC ) inhibitor FR901228 on hTERT transcription in oral cancer cell lines were analyzed by RT - PCR . - pubmed

Moreover , cotreatment of protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide ( CHX ) resulted in the induction of hTERT transcription by FR901228 . - pubmed

This suggests that the induction of hTERT by FR901228 requires de novo protein synthesis to some extent and is more likely a direct than an indirect effect on epigenetic changes such as histone acetylation / deacetylation . - pubmed

We further examined the effect of FR901228 on c - myc protein , which is one of the main hTERT transcription activators . - pubmed

FR901228 repressed c - myc protein only in the absence of CHX , and depended on the enhancement of de novo protein synthesis . - pubmed

Our results indicate that c - myc protein is repressed indirectly by FR901228 but may not contribute to FR901228 - induced hTERT transcription . - pubmed

The present study showed that the HDAC inhibitor FR901228 induced the hTERT gene by a complex mechanism that involved transcription factors other than c - myc , in addition to inhibition of histone deacetylation . - pubmed

A ladder of relative proton affinities ( PA ) for a series of modified uridines ( e.g. - pubmed

The studied heterodimers are constituted of a modified nucleoside and either an amino acid or a nucleoside with known PA value . - pubmed

These results allowed our PA ladder of uridine and deoxyuridine analogs substituted at the C-5 position in the uracil ring to be extended . - pubmed

While these complexes are triply lithium - bridged dimers in the solid state , a monomer / dimer equilibrium is observed in solution by NMR spectroscopy and ESI FT - ICR MS . - pubmed

ESI FT - ICR mass spectrometry provides detailed insight into the mechanisms with which monomeric triscatecholate complexes as well as single catechol ligands exchange in the dimers . - pubmed

The 5alpha - reductase enzymes types 1 and 2 responsible for converting testosterone to the more potent androgen dihydrotestosterone are encoded by the SRD5A1 and SRD5A2 genes , respectively . - pubmed

We performed indirect genetic association studies of SRD5A1 and SRD5A2 and the dihydrotestosterone / testosterone ratio that reflects the activity of 5alpha - reductase in 57 males with type 2 diabetes . - pubmed

We found evidence of significant association between a single nucleotide polymorphism in SRD5A1 and the dihydrotestosterone / testosterone ratio ( median 0.10 , interquartile range 0.08 vs. median 0.06 , interquartile range 0.04 , P = 0.009 ) . - pubmed

These results suggest that functional genetic variants might exist in or around SRD5A1 that affect the activity of the 5alpha - reductase enzyme type 1 and influence androgen levels . - pubmed

The two families represent the cupredoxins and multicopper oxidases , both containing blue copper - binding domains . - pubmed

Biochemical analysis showed that lethal mutations of Asp425 , Arg463 , Arg511 and His515 in the kinase module abolished polynucleotide kinase activity in vitro . - pubmed

During PWA assessment no quantitative differences were observed in PAH between both groups nor after the angiography with oxygen administration . - pubmed

A left T12 - L1 transforaminal epidural steroid injection was performed using the " safe triangle " technique ; there was appropriate spread of dye that was visualized and recorded as well as a " washout " image . - pubmed

Heart rate ( HR ) , gas exchange and respiratory parameters were analyzed throughout the trial , and measured blood lactate concentration ( [ La(bl ) ] at rest and immediately after the exercise completion . - pubmed

Detached plant leaves were treated with CF for 6 , 18 and 30 h , and assayed for changes in hydrogen peroxide content , total ascorbate and glutathione pools and redox ratios ( reduced form to total pool ) , as well as for changes in activities of ascorbate peroxidase , glutathione reductase and glutathione - S - transferase . - pubmed

Sequence analysis of cDNA clones and analysis of putative translation products revealed that most encoded amino acid sequences shared the similar conserved motifs found in the cloned plant disease resistance genes RPS2 , MLA6 , L6 , RPM1 , and Xa1 . - pubmed

A valine ( Val ) to alanine ( Ala ) substitution at amino acid 16 , occurring in the mitochondrial targeting sequence of the MnSOD gene , has been associated with an increase in urolithiasis risk . - pubmed

The effects of the collimator - detector response , including the penetration and scatter components due to high - energy 123I photons , are modeled using precalculated tables of Monte Carlo simulated point - source response functions obtained from sources in air at various distances from the face of the collimator . - pubmed

Non - small cell lung cancer : whole - body MR examination for M - stage assessment -- utility for whole - body diffusion - weighted imaging compared with integrated FDG PET / CT . - pubmed

RESULTS : Area under ROC curve ( A(z ) ) values of whole - body MR imaging with DW imaging ( A(z ) = 0.87 , P = .04 ) and integrated FDG PET / CT ( A(z ) = 0.89 , P = .02 ) were significantly larger than that of whole - body DW imaging ( A(z ) = 0.79 ) . - pubmed

Specificity and accuracy of whole - body MR imaging with ( specificity , P = .02 ; accuracy , P & lt ; .01 ) and that without DW imaging ( specificity , P = .02 ; accuracy , P = .01 ) and integrated FDG PET / CT ( specificity , P & lt ; .01 ; accuracy , P & lt ; .01 ) were significantly higher than those of whole - body DW imaging . - pubmed

The formation of full - length mRNA products was facilitated by including in the reaction mixture 100 mM sodium acetate , high concentrations of ribonucleoside triphosphates , and proteinase K. - pubmed

We found that the PX domain of FAD49 not only has affinity for phosphoinositides , but also binds to its third SH3 domain . - pubmed

Cation complexing of crown ethers using fluorescence spectroscopy , part II . - pubmed

Application of the FGF-2 inhibitor polyanethole sulfonic acid ( PAS ) blocked the downregulation of osteoglycin and interfered with arteriogenesis . - pubmed

The thermodynamics of reduction and His ligand protonation have been determined for a range of loop - contraction variants of the electron transferring type 1 copper protein azurin ( AZ ) . - pubmed

For AZPC , in which the native C - terminal loop containing the Cys , His and Met ligands has been replaced with the shorter sequence from plastocyanin ( PC ) and AZAMI , in which the even shorter amicyanin ( AMI ) loop has been inserted , the thermodynamics of reduction match those of the protein whose loop has been introduced which are different to the values for AZ . - pubmed

The results for AZAMI and AZPC are primarily due to protein based enthalpic effects related to the interaction of the metal with permanent protein dipoles from the loop , and to the decreased loop length which favors His ligand protonation in the cuprous proteins . - pubmed

Diary - documented improvements in urgency , urge incontinence , frequency , nocturia and nocturnal voids were compared with pre - washout ( on tolterodine ) and post - washout ( on no drug ) diary entries . - pubmed

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES : Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective alpha2 - adrenoceptor agonist used in anesthesia for its hypnoanalgesic and cardiovascular effects . - pubmed

A mechanism of action for such chemoprevention has been provided by the agonism of the peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor - gamma by 5 - ASA , which unifies its efficacy as an anti - inflammatory and chemopreventive agent . - pubmed

In the future , even more effective agents based on 5 - ASA are expected , based on more powerful agonism of peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor - gamma ; 5 - ASA preparations have become ' trendy ' again . - pubmed

Although HDL - mediated cholesterol transport to the liver is well studied , cholesterol efflux from hepatocytes back to HDL is less well understood . - pubmed

, HDL3 over HDL2 ; 2 ) NBD - cholesterol efflux was rapid ( detected in 1 - 2 min ) and resolved into fast [ half time ( t((1/2 ) ) ) = 2.4 min , 6 % of total ] and slow ( t((1/2 ) ) = 26.5 min , 94 % of total ) pools , consistent with protein- and vesicle - mediated cholesterol transfer , respectively ; 3 ) SCP-2 gene ablation increased efflux of NBD - cholesterol , as well as [ ( 3 ) H ] cholesterol , albeit less so due to competition by esterification of [ ( 3 ) H ] cholesterol , but not NBD - cholesterol ; and 4 ) SCP-2 gene ablation increased initial rate ( 2.3 - fold ) and size ( 9.7 - fold ) of rapid effluxing sterol , suggesting an increased contribution of molecular cholesterol transfer . - pubmed

Other membrane proteins in cholesterol efflux [ SRB1 and ATP - binding cassettes ( ABC ) A-1 , ABCG-1 , ABCG-5 , and ABCG-8 ] and several soluble / vesicle - associated proteins facilitating intracellular cholesterol trafficking ( StARDs , NPCs , ORPs ) were not upregulated . - pubmed

However , loss of SCP-2 elicited twofold upregulation of liver fatty acid - binding protein ( L - FABP ) , a protein with lower affinity for cholesterol but higher cytosolic concentration than SCP-2 . - pubmed

Ablation of SCP-2 and L - FABP decreased HDL - mediated NBD - cholesterol efflux . - pubmed

These results indicate that SCP-2 expression plays a significant role in HDL - mediated cholesterol efflux by regulating the size of rapid vs. slow cholesterol efflux pools and/or eliciting concomitant upregulation of L - FABP in cultured primary hepatocytes . - pubmed

Cangrelor is a reversible , potent , competitive inhibitor of the ADP P2Y ( 12 ) receptor that is administered intravenously and rapidly achieves near complete inhibition of ADP - induced platelet aggregation . - pubmed

These include behavior ; feeding rate changes ; respiration rate , oxygen consumption , and osmoregulation alterations ; nucleic acids , protein , and glycogen synthesis ; cholinesterase activity inhibition ; ATPase activity ; and oxidative stress responses . - pubmed

This article describes the morphological and chemical characterization of stimuli - responsive functionalized silicon surfaces provided in parallel by atomic force spectroscopy ( AFM ) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ( FT - IR ) enhanced by the single - beam sample reference attenuated total reflection method ( SBSR - ATR ) . - pubmed

The stimuli - responsive behavior of the surfaces was obtained by grafting - to in melt carboxyl - terminated poly - N - isopropylacryl amides ( PNIPAAM ) with different degree of polymerization ( DP ) on epoxide - functionalized silicon substrates . - pubmed

These two NF - kappaB factors colocalized with Tax proteins in dotted cytoplasmic structures targeted by calreticulin , a multi - process calcium - buffering chaperone . - pubmed

The Pt ( II )-complex has a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA . - pubmed

The aim of the present study was to describe the effects of beta - blocker metoprolol monotherapy and combined with calcium channel inhibitor felodipin on digital microcirculation in primary Raynaud ' s syndrome . - pubmed

Action at a distance : amino acid substitutions that affect binding of the phosphorylated CheY response regulator and catalysis of dephosphorylation can be far from the CheZ phosphatase active site . - pubmed

Furthermore , amino acid substitutions distant from the active site can affect CheZ catalytic activity and CheYp binding , perhaps via the propagation of structural or dynamic perturbations through a helical bundle . - pubmed

RON expression was induced by the tumor promoter , phorbol 12 - myristate 13 - acetate ( PMA ) , in gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells . - pubmed

The factors of metabolic syndrome ( BMI , SBP and DBP , and blood levels of glucose , cholesterol , and triglycerides ) , separately and combined , were analysed in quintiles and for transformed z - scores ( mean transformed to 0 and standard deviation to 1 ) . - pubmed

At week 48 , 83 % of the patients ( 61 % HBeAg - positive ; 92 % HBeAg - negative ) achieved a virological response and 82 % ( 78 % HBeAg - positive ; 83 % HBeAg - negative ) of those with elevated baseline alanine aminotransferase showed a biochemical response . - pubmed

Twenty - six per cent ( 14/54 ) of the HBeAg - positive patients lost HBeAg and 22 % ( 12/54 ) achieved seroconversion to anti - HBe . - pubmed

Examinations included visual acuity , slit - lamp , fundus , fundus fluorescein angiography ( FFA ) , large vascular ultrasound , digital subtraction angiography ( DSA ) , erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( ESR ) and reactive protein C ( CRP ) . - pubmed

Prostanoids are derived from arachidonic acid by the sequential actions of phospholipase A ( 2 ) , cyclooxygenase ( COX ) , and specific prostaglandin ( PG ) synthases . - pubmed

PGI ( 2 ) acts mainly on the prostacyclin ( IP ) receptor , but because of receptor homology , PGI ( 2 ) analogs such as iloprost may act on other prostanoid receptors with variable affinities . - pubmed

PGI ( 2 )/ IP interaction stimulates G protein - coupled increase in cAMP and protein kinase A , resulting in decreased [ Ca(2+)](i ) , and could also cause inhibition of Rho kinase , leading to vascular smooth muscle relaxation . - pubmed

In addition , PGI ( 2 ) intracrine signaling may target nuclear peroxisome proliferator - activated receptors and regulate gene transcription . - pubmed

These observations have raised interest in the use of COX inhibitors and PGI ( 2 ) analogs in the management of pregnancy - associated and neonatal vascular disorders . - pubmed

The amount of implanted ( 125 ) I seeds was 12 - 20 seeds / person , with a mean of 16.5 seeds / person , and the matching peripheral dosage ( MPD ) was 80~100Gy . - pubmed

Hyper - methylated miR-203 dysregulates ABL1 and contributes to the nickel - induced tumorigenesis . - pubmed

A calyculin A - sensitive Ser / Thr phosphatase activity downregulates TAp63alpha phosphorylation and ATM kinase mediates phosphorylation . - pubmed

Atorvastatin is eliminated by CYP3A4 which follows carrier - mediated uptake into hepatocytes by OATP1B1 , OATP1B3 , and OATP2B1 . - pubmed

Multiple clinical studies demonstrated that OATP inhibition by rifampin had a greater impact on atorvastatin systemic concentration than itraconazole - mediated CYP3A4 inhibition . - pubmed

If it is assumed that the blood and hepatocyte compartments are differentiated by the concentration gradient that is established by OATPs , and if the rate of uptake into the hepatocyte is rate - determining to the elimination of atorvastatin from the body , then it is hypothesized that blood concentrations may not necessarily reflect liver concentrations . - pubmed

A tetrakis ( dibenzylmethanido ) Eu ( III ) complex as a ultraviolet ( UV ) excited phosphor was synthesized , and incorporated with mesoporous silica as core - shell ( CS ) , outer - shell ( OS ) and intermediate - shell ( IS ) architectures , using a combination of the self - organization process and the Stober method . - pubmed

The CS silica nanoparticle casted UV - LED exhibited the best perfomence with strong intensity and excellent thermal stability . - pubmed

FokI polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor gene ( VDR ) and its association with lumbar spine pathologies in the Italian population : a case - control study . - pubmed

Alterations in vitamin D homeostasis , mainly involving its nuclear receptor ( VDR ) , could have a role in the pathophysiology of the spine . - pubmed

Regulative peroxidase activity of DNA - linked hemin by graphene oxide for fluorescence DNA sensing . - pubmed

The inhibition effect of graphene oxide toward the peroxidase activity of DNA - linked hemin was identified and conveniently utilized in the design of a homogenous fluorescence strategy for DNA sensing with high sensitivity . - pubmed

Specimens of tetragonal zirconia polycrystal ( TZP ) and aluminum toughened zirconia ( ATZ ) were modified with glass solder matrices in two configurations which mainly consisted of SiO2 , Al2O3 , K2O , and Na2O. - pubmed

Several degradation intermediates of 3,4 - DCA such as 1,2 - dichlorobenzene , 2 - chloro-1,4 - benzoquinone , 3,4 - dichlorophenyl isocyanate , 2 - chlorohydroquinone , 3,4 - dichloronitrobenzene , and 3,4 - dichlorophenol were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry ( GC - MS ) analysis . - pubmed

BLASTp analysis and phylogenetic relationship strongly suggested that the amino acid sequence was a member of HSP70 family . - pubmed

Multiple sequence alignment revealed that SmHSP70 and other known HSP70 were highly conserved , especially in the regions of HSP70 family signatures , the bipartite nuclear targeting sequence , ATP / GTP - binding site motif and ' EEVD ' motif . - pubmed

CONCLUSION : The use of preoperative oral 150 mg pregabalin 1 h before surgery or IV 0.5 mg ketamine with induction of anesthesia can reduce postoperative opioid consumption in breast cancer surgery without change in sedation or PONV and with a good safety profile . - pubmed

LSPR spectra of nanoparticulate gold films , including Au island films prepared by evaporation on glass and annealing as well as immobilized Au nanoparticle ( NP ) films , were measured in the transmission and reflection modes . - pubmed

PURPOSE : Navitoclax ( ABT-263 ) , a novel , oral Bcl-2 inhibitor , enhances the antitumor effects of chemotherapy in vitro by lowering the apoptotic threshold . - pubmed

The processed DBM can be used alone , together with nanostructured hydroxyapatite ( nanoHA ) , or dispersed in a physiological carrier or hydrogel . - pubmed

The authors observed that the presence of PNIPAAM reduced osteoblast adhesion , while the addition of nanoHA increased osteoblast adhesion , proliferation , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) production , and reduced lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH ) production . - pubmed

Increasing concentrations of PNIPAAM in combination with nanoHA further increased osteoblast proliferation , and decreased IL-6 and LDH production . - pubmed

Incorporation of PNIPAAM in DBM enhanced hMSCs proliferation and collagen type - I production . - pubmed

Furthermore , a combination of PNIPAAM and nanoHA further increased alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin production in hMSCs , independently from the concentration of PNIPAAM . - pubmed

This study shows that combinations of DBM with nanoHA and PNIPAAM seem to offer a promising route to enhance cell activity and induce osteogenic differentiation . - pubmed

We further showed that abolishing the intramolecular interaction by a Leu-449 to Arg mutation or inducing ATR - dependent Chk1 phosphorylation by DNA damage disrupts the closed conformation , leading to an open and activated conformation of Chk1 . - pubmed

Bioaccumulation factor ( BAF ) values in earthworms were also higher for PFASs ( 4.06 + -2.23 ) than PBDEs ( 0.02 + -0.02 ) . - pubmed

We further analyzed the main biofilm components with NaIO4 , proteinase K , and DNase . - pubmed

Quantitative real - time RT - PCR revealed positive correlations between biofilm formation restrained by subinhibitory concentrations of tigecycline and the expression of biofilm potential - associated genes , especially the AdeFGH efflux pump gene . - pubmed

Chemical cross - linking and coimmunoprecipitation experiments revealed that OATP1B1 may form homo - oligomers , possibly through disulfide bonds . - pubmed

When wild - type OATP1B1 was coexpressed with a loss - of - function mutant W258A , cells showed reduced uptake of prototypic substrate estrone-3 - sulfate ( ES ) . - pubmed

Light increases the ion and non - electrolyte permeability of rhodopsin - phospholipid vesicles . - pubmed

A rapid method for the purification of supercoiled PM2 DNA by affinity chromatography on H1 histone covalently coupled to agarose . - pubmed

A simple and rapid method is described for the purification of supercoiled PM2 DNA by affinity chromatography on columns of H1 histone covalently coupled to agarose . - pubmed

Increase in sialic acids removable by neuraminidase during the shape change of platelets . - pubmed

The shape change associated with activation gave rise to an increase in sialic acids removable by neuraminidase . - pubmed

[ Determination of mercury in surface , spring , and ground waters ] . - pubmed

Screening procedures are included for the following categories : barbiturates and other sedative - hypnotics , anticonvulsants , benzodiazepines , antidepressants , phenothiazine and butyrophenone neuroleptics , central stimulants ( amphetamines , cocaine ) , hallucinogens ( LSD , phencyclidine , tetrahydrocannabinol ) , opioid ( narcotic ) and other potent analgesics , non - opioid analgesics , antihistamines ( histamine H1 - receptor blockers ) , antiparkinsonian drugs , beta - blockers ( beta - adrenoceptor blockers ) , antiarrhythmics ( class I and IV ) , diuretics , laxatives and their metabolites . - pubmed

Treatment with DHT caused a dose - dependent inhibition of testicular 3 beta - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase / delta 5 - 4 isomerase ( 3 beta - HSD ) 2 h later , and this effect was apparent at the dose of 20 micrograms/100 g body weight ( P less than 0.01 ) . - pubmed

The inhibitory effect of 3 beta - HSD was not due to a possible interference of DHT in the enzyme assay , since various concentrations of the androgen ( 0.1 - 100 mumol / l ) were ineffective as inhibitors of 3 beta - HSD . - pubmed

The highest dose of DHT used in this study ( 200 micrograms/100 g body weight ) resulted in a rapid ( 1 - 2 h ) and transient ( 4 - 6 h ) inhibition ( approximately 80 % ) of 3 beta - HSD activity . - pubmed

The results presented suggest that the inhibitory effect of the non - aromatizable androgen DHT is receptor - mediated and involves the synthesis of a factor(s ) that modulates 3 beta - HSD activity . - pubmed

Perfusion with both acetylcholine and epinephrine ( 10(-5 ) to 10(-3 ) M ) produced concentration - dependent increases in mean CBF ( maximum increases at 10(-3 ) M of 16 and 9 % , P less than 0.05 ) , whereas only acetylcholine increased mean SLV ( +56 % at 10(-3 ) M , P less than 0.05 ) . - pubmed

The influence of calcium , sodium , and the Na+/Ca2 + antiport on susceptibility to cytolysin / perforin - mediated cytolysis . - pubmed

In NK cell - mediated cytolysis , the degranulation of the NK cell , and the binding and polymerization of its effector molecule cytolysin / perforin , are Ca2 + dependent . - pubmed

To determine if increases in the target cell free intracellular Ca2 + concentration ( [ Ca2+]i ) are also important for cytotoxicity , we examined the effects of Ca2 + substitutes , promotors of Ca2 + influx ; and inhibitors of Ca2 + efflux on the cytolysis mediated by purified cytolysin . - pubmed

Ca2 + promoted cytolysin - mediated cytolysis but could also inactivate cytolysin on preincubation in the absence of target cells . - pubmed

Ba2 + and Sr2 + could not alone promote cytolysin - mediated cytolysis but did enhance Ca2 (+)-driven cytolysis . - pubmed

Preincubation with Ba2 + and Sr2 + did not inactivate cytolysin . - pubmed

One interpretation which these results suggested was that neither Ba2 + nor Sr2 + were involved in cytolysin polymerization and pore formation , but could act intracellularly as Ca2 + analogs once pore formation had occurred . - pubmed

The synergistic interaction of cytolysin and the Ca2 + ionophore A23187 further supported a role for increased [ Ca2 +]i in cytolysis . - pubmed

Inhibitors of Na+/Ca2 + exchange , namely low Na+ medium , ouabain , and the amiloride analogs 2 ' , 4 '- dimethylbenzamil , 5 -( N-4 - chlorobenzyl )- 2 ' , 4'dimethylbenzamil , and alpha - phenylbenzamil all markedly enhanced cytolysin - mediated cytolysis . - pubmed

This open reading frame contains amino acid sequences identical to 13 N - terminal amino acids of purified factor Y , as well as to a 10 - amino acid internal sequence ( from a cyanogen bromide fragment ) as determined by gas - phase microsequencing . - pubmed

Naloxone caused a significant decrease and captorile -- increase of maximum meanings of HR during exercises ( the running on the treadmill during 3.5 min by the velocity of 30 m / min ) , both compounds did n't exert a considerable effect on BP at rest and during exercises . - pubmed

An inhibitory effect of IL 1 on insulin secretion is not observed when islets are coincubated with an inhibitor of DNA transcription ( actinomycin D ) . - pubmed

The inhibitory effect of IL 1 on insulin secretion also requires mRNA translation , because three structurally distinct inhibitors of protein synthesis ( cycloheximide , anisomycin , and puromycin ) prevent IL 1 - induced inhibition of insulin secretion when added to islets after the 1 - h exposure to IL 1 . - pubmed

Two - dimensional gel electrophoresis of islet proteins metabolically labeled with [ 35S ] methionine demonstrates that IL 1 augments the expression of a 65 - kD ( pl approximately 6.5 ) protein by greater than 2.5 - fold . - pubmed

Of all isoenzymes tested the human isoenzyme mu is most sensitive to the action of both ethacrynic acid and its glutathione conjugate . - pubmed

Furthermore , the content of the ANT mRNA in adult islets cultured at a high glucose concentration was increased compared with islets cultured at a low glucose concentration . - pubmed

Finally , streptozocin - treated islets , which display an impaired glucose - sensitive insulin release after 6 days in culture , also contained less of this mRNA than the control islets . - pubmed

Beta 1 - selective adrenoceptor antagonists : examples of the 2 -[ 4 -[ 3 -( substituted amino )- 2 - hydroxypropoxy ] phenyl ] imidazole class . - pubmed

An attempt to develop a highly cardioselective beta - adrenoceptor antagonist devoid of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity ( ISA ) focused on exploring structure - activity relationships around ( S )-[ p -[ 3 -[[ 2 -( 3,4 - dimethoxyphenyl ) ethyl ] amino ]- 2 - hydroxypropoxy ] phenyl ]- 4 -( 2 - thienyl ) imidazole . - pubmed

( S )- 4 - Acetyl-2 -[[ 4 -[ 3 -[[ 2 -( 3 , 4 - dimethoxyphenyl ) ethyl ] amino ]- 2 - hydroxypropoxy ] phenyl ] methyl ] imidazole ( S-51 ) was demonstrated to be highly cardioselective ( dose ratio beta 2 / beta 1 greater than 9333 ) and devoid of ISA . - pubmed

This indicates that adequate supply and balance of amino acids are required both for the increase in polysome - associated ODC - mRNA activity and for the translational and/or posttranslational mechanism(s ) during the induction of hepatic ODC activity . - pubmed

Interaction of ligands in phosphorylase A as monitored by crosslinking and enzymatic modifications : synergism of glucose and caffeine manifested in the exposure of N - terminal segment . - pubmed

Glycogen , caffeine and glucose dissociate phosphorylase a tetramer to dimers with half - maximum effect at 0.16 % , 1.1 and 71 mM concentration , respectively , as monitored by crosslinking with dimethyl suberimidate at 18 degrees C. 2 . - pubmed

These results indicate that the vasorelaxant effect of butein depended on the endothelium and was mediated by endothelium - derived relaxing factor ( EDRF ) . - pubmed

cAMP - specific phosphodiesterase ( type IV ) activity was potently inhibited by butein with an IC50 of 10.4 + /- 0.4 microM. - pubmed

In contrast , phosphodiesterase I , III and V activities were inhibited by butein above 100 microM. - pubmed

Adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase activities were unchanged by butein . - pubmed

These results suggest that the increase of cAMP formation elicited by butein is due to the inhibition of cAMP - specific phosphodiesterase . - pubmed

PDI also enhanced the yield of PelC in DsbA- cells but only in the presence of exogenous oxidized glutathione . - pubmed

Taurocholate feeding decreased ileal reductase activity 48 % , whereas tauroursocholate , the 7 beta - hydroxy epimer of taurocholate , had no effect . - pubmed

Feeding lovastatin ( inhibitor of HMG - CoA reductase ) stimulated total ileal HMG - CoA reductase activity threefold in washed microsomes , which were dissociated from the inhibitor . - pubmed

The inhibition of intestinal HMG - CoA reductase activity by taurocholate occurred without accumulation of mucosal cholesterol . - pubmed

Furthermore , the stimulation of total ileal HMG - CoA reductase activity by lovastatin treatment was observed without a decrease in mucosal cholesterol . - pubmed

In summary , the regulation of ileal HMG - CoA reductase activity by the intestinal luminal flux of bile acids is dependent on the orientation of the hydroxyl groups. - pubmed

Mutations in the fur ( ferric uptake regulator ) locus that produce an Atr - acid - sensitive phenotype also eliminate induction of six transiently induced ASPs . - pubmed

so that basal and LH - stimulated ovarian steroid secretion could be determined . - pubmed

The dopamine transporter ( DAT ) in pre - synaptic membranes and the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 ( VMAT2 ) in membranes of synaptic vesicles are involved in mediating the acute effects of amphetamine on dopamine transmission . - pubmed

Thus , repeated amphetamine administration exerts modest and regionally selective effects on DAT and VMAT2 mRNA expression in subpopulations of midbrain dopamine neurons . - pubmed

Instead , we found that the GST - Cdc6 can compete with distamycin A for binding to the DNA molecule . - pubmed

As distamycin A is a specific reagent that binds noncovalently to DNA at ( A + T)-rich tracks , the stimulation of Abf1 DNA binding activity may be mediated by the Cdc6 / DNA interaction . - pubmed

The method involved precipitation of plasma protein with methanol followed by analysis of the supernatant using reversed - phase column and UV detection at 316 nm . - pubmed

The amino acid transport system y+L / 4F2hc is a heteromultimeric complex . - pubmed

We show that expression of system y+L - like amino acid transport activity by 4F2hc in oocytes is limited by an endogenous factor and that direct covalent modification of external cysteine residue(s ) of an oocyte membrane protein blocks system y+L/4F2hc transport activity , based on the following . - pubmed

Mutation CS2 had no effect on the expressed system y+L - like transport activity , whereas C109S - containing mutants ( CS1 and Cys - less ) retained only partial y+L - like transport activity ( 30 to 50 % of wild type ) . - pubmed

4 ) Sensitivity to Hg2 + inactivation is increased by pretreatment of oocytes with ss - mercaptoethanol or in the C109S - containing mutants ( CS1 and Cys - less ) . - pubmed

These results indicate that 4F2hc is intimately associated with a membrane oocyte protein for the expression of system y+L amino acid transport activity . - pubmed

The ribozyme inhibited the formation of P - glycoprotein and reduced the cell 's resistance to adriamycin . - pubmed

Three RIIalpha isoforms of 51 , 54 , and 57 kDa were identified by RIIalpha immunodetection and labeling with 8 - azido [ 32P ] cAMP in different cell cycle phases . - pubmed

The membrane - bound quinohaemoprotein alcohol dehydrogenases pass electrons to membrane ubiquinone which is then oxidized directly by ubiquinol oxidases . - pubmed

The electron acceptor for membrane glucose dehydrogenase is ubiquinone which is subsequently oxidized directly by ubiquinol oxidases or by electron transfer chains involving cytochrome bc1 , cytochrome c and cytochrome c oxidases . - pubmed

Synthesis of the quinoprotein respiratory systems requires production of PQQ , haem and the dehydrogenase subunits , transport of these into the periplasm , and incorporation together with divalent cations , into active quinoproteins and quinohaemoproteins . - pubmed

Analgesic profile of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists , ( + ) - epibatidine and ABT-594 in models of persistent inflammatory and neuropathic pain . - pubmed

Allosteric interactions of staurosporine and other indolocarbazoles with N -[ methyl -( 3 ) H ] scopolamine and acetylcholine at muscarinic receptor subtypes : identification of a second allosteric site . - pubmed

We have studied the interactions of five indolocarbazoles with N -[ methyl -( 3 ) H ] scopolamine ( NMS ) and unlabeled acetylcholine at M ( 1 )- M ( 4 ) muscarinic receptors , using equilibrium and nonequilibrium radioligand binding studies . - pubmed

[ ( 3 ) H ] NMS binding was enhanced by staurosporine , KT5720 , and KT5823 at M ( 1 ) and M ( 2 ) receptors , and by K-252a at M ( 1 ) receptors . - pubmed

A range of cooperative effects with acetylcholine was seen , and , at the M ( 1 ) receptor , KT5720 had a log affinity of 6.4 and enhanced acetylcholine affinity by 40 % . - pubmed

The compounds inhibited the dissociation of [ ( 3 ) H ] NMS to different extents across the receptor subtypes , with the largest effects at M ( 1 ) receptors . - pubmed

In equilibrium binding studies the inhibitory potency of gallamine at M ( 1 ) receptors was not affected by KT5720 , indicating that these agents bind to two distinct allosteric sites and have neutral cooperativity with each other . - pubmed

In contrast , gallamine and staurosporine had a negatively cooperative or competitive interaction at M ( 1 ) receptors . - pubmed

Similarly , the potency and relative effectiveness of KT5720 for inhibiting [ ( 3 ) H ] NMS dissociation from M ( 1 ) receptors were not affected by gallamine or brucine , but were affected in a complex manner by staurosporine . - pubmed

These results demonstrate that there are at least two distinct allosteric sites on the M ( 1 ) receptor , both of which can support positive cooperativity with acetylcholine . - pubmed

Previous research indicated that allantoic acid degradation is catalysed by different enzymes in cultivars Maple Arrow and Williams . - pubmed

The enzyme found in Williams requires manganese as a cofactor . - pubmed

The solubilization of proteinases with 0.5 % Triton X-100 substantially improved the yield of the enzymes . - pubmed

The high trans alpha - linolenic acid diet significantly increased the plasma LDL-:HDL - cholesterol ratio by 8.1 % ( 95 % CI 1.4 , 15.3 ; and the total cholesterol : HDL - cholesterol ratio by 5.1 % ( 95 % CI 0.4 , 9.9 ; compared with the low - trans diet . - pubmed

This was largely explained by an increase in LDL - cholesterol on the high - trans diet , while no change was observed in the low - trans group ( mean treatment effect of 4.7 % ( 95 % CI -0.8 , 10.5 ; No effects were found on total cholesterol and HDL - cholesterol , triacylglycerols , apolipoprotein B and A-1 , and lipoprotein ( a ) concentrations . - pubmed

In conclusion , trans alpha - linolenic acid may increase plasma LDL-:HDL - cholesterol and total cholesterol : HDL - cholesterol ratios . - pubmed

Platelet aggregation in response to ADP , collagen , and PGE1 was assessed , using optical aggregometry . - pubmed

Addition of PGE1 prior to addition of an agonist inhibited platelet aggregation in a concentration - dependent manner , whereas addition of PGE1 4 minutes after addition of ADP resulted in partial reversal of aggregation and fibrinogen binding . - pubmed

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE : A high concentration of sodium citrate in blood samples decreases plasma concentration of ionized calcium , resulting in reduced platelet aggregation and fibrinogen binding . - pubmed

Platelet aggregation and fibrinogen binding can be reversed by PGE1 , which may result in underestimation of platelet activation . - pubmed

The analytes were extracted with methanol followed by isocratic chromatography on a micro C18 reversed - phase column using acetonitrile - water , 50:50 ( v / v ) , containing 20 mm acetic acid at 30 microl min(-1 ) . - pubmed

Polysaccharide recognition by surfactant protein D : novel interactions of a C - type lectin with nonterminal glucosyl residues . - pubmed

As with the mannose - binding proteins , we found significant hydrogen bonding between the protein and the vicinal , equatorial OH groups at the 3 and 4 positions on the sugar ring . - pubmed

By using various soluble glucosyl homopolysaccharides as inhibitors of SP - D carbohydrate binding , we confirmed the interactions predicted by our modeling studies . - pubmed

Diagnosis and dosimetry of exposure to sulfur mustard : development of a standard operating procedure for mass spectrometric analysis of haemoglobin adducts : exploratory research on albumin and keratin adducts . - pubmed

Experiments were carried out to develop a standard operating procedure for analysis of sulfur mustard adducts to the N - terminal valine in haemoglobin and to explore adduct formation with albumin and keratin . - pubmed

Influx of this model permeant by these cells exhibited characteristics of carrier - mediated membrane transport and was only minimally reduced by the addition of 5 micromol / L folic acid , a concentration of this natural folate that would have completely inhibited influx by the folate receptor . - pubmed

Gene - expression analysis revealed prominent expression of the folate receptor in some but not all mesothelioma cell lines , and in only one case was expression of this receptor gene greater than expression of the reduced folate carrier gene . - pubmed

CONCLUSION : In view of the ongoing reduced folate carrier - mediated internalization that occurs in mesothelioma cells , these results would seem to argue against a role for the folate receptor in the internalization and cellular pharmacokinetics of methotrexate and other classic folate analogs in this neoplasm . - pubmed

Furthermore , chronic ethanol consumption may damage the liver by inhibiting the hepatotrophic and hepatoprotective actions of TNF alpha and other cytokines . - pubmed

It suggested that liver - associated T lymphocytes are involved in the inflammatory process associated with alcohol related liver injury through increased cytokine secretion ( TNF alpha ) . - pubmed

Parallel solution- and solid - phase synthesis of spirohydantoin derivatives as neurokinin-1 receptor ligands . - pubmed

The combination of the 3,5 - bis ( trifluoromethyl ) phenyl group with a spirohydantoin motive as a central scaffold was the basis for the design of a combinatorial library targeted towards the neurokinin-1 receptor . - pubmed

strain CT16 , purification , and characterization of a deoxycytidine deaminase extremely thermostable in the presence of D , L - dithiothreitol . - pubmed

A deoxycytidine deaminase that was extremely thermostable in the presence of dithiothreitol was found in a mesophilic bacterium isolated from soil . - pubmed

The enzyme was purified to a homogeneous protein by treatment at 100 degrees C , ammonium sulfate precipitation , and chromatography on DEAE - Toyopearl , hydroxyapatite , and then Sephacryl S-100 . - pubmed

After treatment at 50 degrees C for 15 min in the absence of dithiothreitol , enzyme activity was 44 % of the starting activity ; after treatment at 100 degrees C for 2 h in the presence of 50 mm dithiothreitol , activity was 56 % of the starting activity . - pubmed

Dithiothreitol greatly stabilized the enzyme . - pubmed

The enzyme molecule was dissociated into two subunits each of 18 kDa subunit when reduced with mercaptoethanol . - pubmed

Lipid peroxidation may be initiated either by lipoxygenases or by reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) . - pubmed

PPA1 and PPB1 display powerful biologic activities including activation of mitogen - activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) and induction of glutathione - S - transferase ( GST ) , defense genes , and phytoalexins . - pubmed

However , a lack of change in serum cortisol concentration and body mass and dynamics in immunoglobulin protein , serum protein , and testes mass were not consistent with previous reports of semelparous dasyurid physiology . - pubmed

Further experiments indicated that Ms or Mt RecA proteins catalyzed adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis at approximately comparable rates across a wide range of pHs . - pubmed

These changes were most probably due to specific interactions of the salt ions with the charged amino acids on the protein surface rather than due to general effects such as Hofmeister and Debye - Huckel . - pubmed

We also found significant inverse correlations between OPGc ( corrected for BMI ) and fasting glucose ( r = -0.325 , p = 0.005 ) , fasting insulin ( r = -0.404 , p = 0.0001 ) as well as HOMA - IR ( r = -0.428 , p = 0.0001 ) . - pubmed

Cerebral MRI revealed diffuse hyperintense T2 abnormalities in the supratentorial white matter without cerebellar atrophy or lesions , while Technetium-99m - ECD brain SPECT revealed a severe cerebellar hypoperfusion . - pubmed

Agonists for aggregation were adenosine diphosphate , arachidonic acid , collagen , epinephrine , and two concentrations of ristocetin . - pubmed

Flow cytometry analysis using fluorescence - activated cell sorting with fluorescein isothiocyanate - labeled annexin V demonstrated that the TTSS1 - dependent cell death was by apoptosis . - pubmed

AIM : To investigate the distensibility of the common carotid artery ( CCA ) , baroreflex sensitivity ( BRS ) and its relation to plasma homocysteine concentration in exfoliation syndrome or exfoliation glaucoma ( XFS / XFG ) . - pubmed

In women independent associations with ASB were found for urinary incontinence ( OR : 2.99 , CI : 1.60 - 5.60 ) , reduced mobility ( OR : 2.68 , CI : 1.42 - 5.03 ) and oestrogen treatment ( OR : 2.20 , CI : 1.09 - 4.45 ) . - pubmed

RASGRF2 expression was restored after treatment with the demethylating agent , 5 - aza-2 '- deoxycytidine in all four cell lines tested that downregulated RASGRF2 expression . - pubmed

Hen egg white lysozyme ( HEWL ) and a synthetic model peptide defining HEWL helix-4 were used as comparative model systems to systematically investigate the effect of increasing TFE concentrations on the structure of proteins and peptides . - pubmed

Higher TFE concentrations denatured HEWL with the loss of lysozyme tertiary structure . - pubmed

Low Serum Selenium Is Associated with Anemia Among Older Women Living in the Community : the Women 's Health and Aging Studies I and II . - pubmed

An increase in loge selenium was associated with a reduced risk of anemia ( odds ratio per 1 SD increase = 0.63 , 95 % confidence interval = 0.47 - 0.84 ) , adjusting for age , education , chronic diseases , iron status , and serum interleukin-6 . - pubmed

Pattern of nucleotide substitution and divergence of prophenoloxidase in decapods . - pubmed

Despite the unprecedented development in identification and characterization of prophenoloxidase ( proPO ) in commercially important decapods , little is known about the evolutionary relationship , rate of amino acid replacement and differential selection pressures operating on proPO of different species of decapods . - pubmed

Previously , we showed that tyrosine phosphorylation of p130Cas ( Cas ) in a cytoskeletal complex is involved in force - dependent activation of the small GTPase Rap1 . - pubmed

In univariate analysis , leukocytes and CRP levels were associated with MVO , whereas pre - infarction angina and prior medication by aspirin or calcium channel antagonist appeared protective . - pubmed

Alteplase ( TPA ) for clotted dialysis catheters . - pubmed

The patient had received intravenous dextrose infusions while undergoing a surgical procedure for post - traumatic hydrocele elsewhere a week prior to this episode . - pubmed

Average combined turnover numbers of 35,800 + /- 20,900 ( N = 302 ) and 31,700 + /- 17,700 min(-1 ) ( N = 315 ) were obtained respectively for the in vitro synthesized enzyme from strain 35321 with the absence and presence of a C - terminal His(6 ) tag . - pubmed

The average combined turnover numbers of the enzyme from both strains synthesized in vivo and in vitro and with the presence and absence of a His(6 ) tag were found to differ significantly . - pubmed

This indicates that the in vivo and in vitro produced enzymes are not identical and the presence of a C - terminal His(6 ) tag alters the activity of beta - galactosidase . - pubmed

Separation of the amplification products on 4.5 % agarose gels allowed the comparative assessment of the classical type I IFNs . - pubmed

During follow - up ( postoperative ) , a decrease occurred in the body mass index ( mean + /- standard deviation 49.2 + /- 8.7 kg / m(2 ) to 34.1 + /- 8.1 kg / m(2 ) ; P & lt;.0001 ) , excess body weight ( mean + /- SD 76.1 + /- 23.6 kg to 34.9 + /- 21.7 kg ; P & lt;.0001 ) , hemoglobin A1c ( mean + /- SD 6.5 % + /- 1.3 % to 5.6 % + /- 0.8 % ; P & lt;.0001 ) , systolic blood pressure ( mean + /- SD 133.7 + /- 14.3 mm Hg to 112.9 + /- 14.6 mm Hg ; P & lt ; .0001 ) , urine albumin creatinine ratio ( from a median of 8.0 mg / g [ interquartile range 5.0 - 29.3 ] to a median of 6.0 mg / g [ interquartile range 3.3 - 11.5 ] ; P & lt;.0001 ) , and hs - CRP ( mean + /- SD 11.2 + /- 9.8 mg / L to 4.7 + /- 5.9 mg / L ; P & lt;.0001 ) . - pubmed

This study was designed to investigate the effects of activation of cholecystokinin CCK ( 1 ) and serotonin ( 5 - hydroxytryptamine , 5 - HT ) 5 - HT ( 3 ) receptors on pancreatic vagal afferent discharge and to determine whether there is an interaction between these receptors . - pubmed

The effects of systemic administration of cholecystokinin and the serotonin 5 - HT ( 3 ) receptor agonist phenylbiguanide on pancreatic vagal afferent discharge were recorded before and after administration of cholecystokinin CCK ( 1 ) and serotonin 5 - HT ( 3 ) receptor antagonists . - pubmed

Cholecystokinin CCK ( 1 ) receptor antagonists , lorglumide ( 10 mg / kg , i.v . ) - pubmed

On the other hand , serotonin 5 - HT ( 3 ) receptor blockade with granisetron ( 1 mg / kg , i.v . ) - pubmed

This study has confirmed that cholecystokinin and phenylbiguanide activate pancreatic vagal afferent discharge via activation of cholecystokinin CCK ( 1 ) and serotonin 5 - HT ( 3 ) receptors , respectively . - pubmed

In addition , it has demonstrated that ( i ) the serotonin 5 - HT(3 ) agonist phenylbiguanide acts partly via an interaction with cholecystokinin CCK ( 1 ) receptors , and ( ii ) the actions of cholecystokinin are not dependent on serotonin 5 - HT ( 3 ) receptor activation . - pubmed

Synthesis and antibacterial property of quinolines with potent DNA gyrase activity . - pubmed

BACKGROUND : Studies have suggested that vitamin D may be important for both insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion , and that supplementation with vitamin D may subsequently prevent development of type 2 diabetes . - pubmed

The insulin and metformin doses were not changed throughout the study . - pubmed

RESULTS : After 6 months , the fasting glucose , insulin , C - peptide , fructosamine , and HbA ( 1c ) levels were not significantly different from baseline values . - pubmed

miR-22 overexpression leads to a reduction of ER alpha levels , at least in part by inducing mRNA degradation , and compromises estrogen signaling , as exemplified by its inhibitory impact on the ER alpha - dependent proliferation of breast cancer cells . - pubmed

Role of FOXA in mitochondrial citrate carrier gene expression and insulin secretion . - pubmed

In this study , we have investigated the transcriptional role of the FOXA site present in the promoter of the mitochondrial citrate carrier ( CIC ) gene . - pubmed

podocalyxin like-1 , tribbles 3 , reactive oxygen species , and nuclear factor kappa B ) ? - pubmed

Its metal - independent nature , molecular weight of 14.5 kDa , preferential affinity for beta - D - lactose , and 87 - 92 % identity with carbohydrate recognition domain of previously reported galectin-1 confirmed its inclusion in galectin-1 subfamily . - pubmed

Treatment of the purified lectin with oxidizing agent , thiol blocking reagents , denaturants , and detergents resulted in significant changes in UV - VIS , fluorescence , CD and FTIR spectra , which strongly emphasized the important aspect of regular secondary structure of galectins for the maintenance of their active conformation . - pubmed

Reduction of the activity of the purified lectin after oxidation by H2O2 , with remarkable fluorescence quenching , may suggest potential role for galectin-1 in free radical - induced , oxidative stress - mediated cardiovascular disorders . - pubmed

PURPOSE : To test interobserver agreement in the fluorescein / indocyanine green angiography ( FA / ICGA ) scoring system for uveitis . - pubmed

These surrogate factors were fasting insulin , hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c ) , high - sensitivity C - reactive protein ( hsCRP ) , and uric acid . - pubmed

METHODS : Waist circumference ( WC ) , blood pressure , triglycerides , high - density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL - C ) , fasting glucose , fasting insulin , HbA1c , hsCRP , and uric acid measurements were obtained from 2,624 adolescent ( 12 - 18 years old ) participants of the 1999 - 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys . - pubmed

Metabolic syndrome criteria had the highest sensitivity for predicting fasting insulin ( 40 - 70 % ) , followed by uric acid ( 31 - 54 % ) , hsCRP ( 13 - 31 % ) , and HbA1c ( 7 - 21 % ) . - pubmed

Despite Wzx homologs performing a conserved function , it has been difficult to pinpoint specific motifs of functional significance in their amino acid sequences . - pubmed

Four TM helices ( II , IV , X , and XI ) contain polar residues ( aspartic acid or lysine ) , and they may form part of a relatively hydrophilic core . - pubmed

Aspartic acid-85 and lysine-419 are located in TM helices II and XI , while arginine-298 and aspartic acid-326 are located in periplasmic and cytosolic loops 4 , respectively . - pubmed

We propose that the functional requirement of charged residues at both sides of the membrane and in two TM helices could be important to allow the passage of the Und - PP - linked saccharide substrate across the membrane . - pubmed

FYX-051 : a novel and potent hybrid - type inhibitor of xanthine oxidoreductase . - pubmed

4 -[ 5 -( Pyridin-4 - yl )- 1H-1,2,4 - triazol-3 - yl ] pyridine-2 - carbonitrile ( FYX-051 ) is a potent inhibitor of bovine milk xanthine oxidoreductase ( XOR ) . - pubmed

Steady - state kinetics study showed that it initially behaved as a competitive - type inhibitor with a K(i ) value of 5.7 x 10(-9 ) M , then after a few minutes it formed a tight complex with XOR via a Mo - oxygen - carbon atom covalent linkage , as reported previously ( Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:7931 - 7936 , 2004 ) . - pubmed

The FYX-051 - XOR complex decomposed with a half - life of 20.4 h , but the enzyme activity did not fully recover . - pubmed

This was found to be caused by XOR - mediated conversion of FYX-051 to 4 -[ 5 -( 2 - hydroxypyridin-4 - yl )- 1H-1,2,4 - triazol-3 - yl ] pyridine-2 - carbonitrile ( 2 - hydroxy - FYX-051 ) , as well as formation of 6 - hydroxy-4 -[ 5 -( 2 - hydroxypyridin-4 - yl )- 1H-1,2,4 - triazol-3 - yl ] pyridine-2 - carbonitrile ( dihydroxy - FYX-051 ) and 4 -[ 5 -( 2,6 - dihydroxypyridin-4 - yl )- 1H-1,2,4 - triazol-3 - yl ]- 6 - hydroxypyridine-2 - carbonitrile ( trihydroxy - FYX-051 ) during prolonged incubation for up to 72 h. A distinct charge - transfer band was observed concomitantly with the formation of the trihydroxy - FYX-051 - XOR complex . - pubmed

Rho - kinase / nuclear factor - kappabeta / angiotensinogen axis in angiotensin II - induced renal injury . - pubmed

This work proposes a simple and sensitive solid substrate - room temperature phosphorimetry ( SS - RTP ) for the selective determination of carvedilol ( CV ) . - pubmed

The method is based on the sensitizing effect of sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate ( SDBS ) on CV to activate the oxidation between NaClO and amaranth , resulting in the intense quenching of room temperature phosphorescence ( RTP ) of the system . - pubmed

Ranolazine , nitroglycerin , or saline ( control ) was injected into the left anterior descending ( LAD ) coronary artery or femoral artery ( 2 - mL bolus in 10 seconds ) . - pubmed

Pretreatment with prazosin ( 300 mug / kg IV ) allowed determination of alpha ( 1 )- adrenergic receptor involvement ( n=8 ) . - pubmed

Rapid intracoronary administration of ranolazine ( 0.048 mg / kg ) to achieve high local concentrations resulted in 91 + -11 % increase in LAD coronary artery flow and 39 + -7 % reduction in coronary vascular resistance ( both , P<0.0001 ) . - pubmed

Intracoronary nitroglycerin ( 100 mug ) increased LAD coronary artery flow by 112 + -25 % ( P=0.02 ) , but the effect lasted & lt;2 minutes ; mean arterial pressure decreased by 4 + -1 mm Hg ( P=0.01 ) . - pubmed

CONCLUSIONS : Intracoronary or intrafemoral ranolazine bolus exerts a marked , 2- to 3 - minute dilatory effect that is comparable to nitroglycerin in magnitude but more persistent , attributable primarily to alpha ( 1 )- adrenergic blockade . - pubmed

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib , dasatinib , and nilotinib interfere with ATP - binding pocket to inhibit BCR - ABL1 kinase . - pubmed

Treatment with MMF prevented the motor impairment and significantly reversed the changes in levels of malondialdehyde , glutathione , myeloperoxidase and nitric oxide . - pubmed

Vasopressin receptor antagonists such as lixivaptan may provide effective volume unloading . - pubmed

In the present study , Rmi1 was found to be enriched at the region close to an early - firing replication origin when replication forks were arrested near their origins in the presence of hydroxyurea . - pubmed

The local synthesis of type 2 deiodinase ( Dio2 ) promotes triiodothyronine ( T3 ) production and summer biology , whereas type 3 deiodinase ( Dio3 ) promotes T3 degradation and winter biology . - pubmed

Both the central hypointense signal area and the peripheral cogwheel - shaped hypointense signal band in the tumor were observed on the post - contrast T1WIs , in accordance with the necrosis observed in the photomicrographs following hematoxylin and eosin ( HE ) staining . - pubmed

Previous studies reported that specific alleles and single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs ) in the human leukocyte antigen ( HLA ) region were associated with NOA in East Asians . - pubmed

CONCLUSION : In unresectable primary RCC tumors , changes in select CT parameters after 2 cycles of neoadjuvant sunitinib might be associated with the potential for surgical resection . - pubmed

At 15 C , the relationship between RS ( microl O ( 2 ) individual(-1 ) h(-1 ) ) and larval dry mass ( M(D ) , microg ) was equal to : R(S ) = 0 0057(+-0 0007 , + - s.e . ) - pubmed

In mid-2011 , the addition of direct - acting antiviral agents ( DAAs)-the protease inhibitors boceprevir ( Victrelis , Merck ) and telaprevir ( Incivek , Vertex)-to pegylated interferon alpha-2a / b and ribavirin revolutionized the treatment of HCV infection by increasing cure rates across all fibrosis scores in patients with genotype 1 HCV infection . - pubmed

Overall , the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess ( CBP ): ( 1 ) the glucose uptake rate of the culture , ( 2 ) the bacterial cell concentration , and ( 3 ) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system ( complexed or non - complexed ) . - pubmed

In 15 % of cases , FDG - PET findings are false positive ( FP ) with unclear consequences . - pubmed

Therefore , we retrospectively investigated the rate of unnecessary procedures due to FP results on FDG - PET . - pubmed

Interestingly , USP35 only associates with polarized mitochondria , and rapidly translocates to the cytosol during CCCP - induced mitophagy . - pubmed

The current study aims to synthesize and compare the effect of dexamethasone ( Dex ) release from 2 variants of Dex - loaded chitosan nanoparticles ( CSnp ) on the odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla ( SCAP ) . - pubmed

Biomineralization of SCAP was significantly higher ( P & lt ; .05 ) in presence of Dex - CSnpII compared with that in Dex - CSnpI at 3 weeks . - pubmed

Alkaline phosphatase gene expression was significantly higher in the presence of Dex - CSnpII compared with Dex - CSnpI , with peak expression seen at 2 weeks ( P & lt ; .05 ) . - pubmed

The expression of odontogenic specific marker dentin matrix protein-1 was significantly higher in presence of Dex - CSnpII compared with Dex - CSnpI at 3 weeks ( P & lt ; .05 ) . - pubmed

CONCLUSIONS : Collectively , these data suggest that sustained release of Dex results in enhanced odontogenic differentiation of SCAP . - pubmed

During ischemia - reperfusion , AMPK activation modulates glucose and fatty acid metabolism , mitochondrial function , endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) stress , autophagy , and apoptosis . - pubmed

Trametinib radiosensitises RAS- and BRAF - mutated melanoma by perturbing cell cycle and inducing senescence . - pubmed

Thus , we studied whether trametinib , a potent and selective allosteric inhibitor of MEK1 / 2 could improve the efficacy of RT . - pubmed

The effects of trametinib with and without radiation on protein levels of MEK effectors were measured by immunoblot analyses . - pubmed

Trametinib efficiently blocked RT - induced phosphorylation of ERK at nanomolar concentrations . - pubmed

A larger population of senescence - activated beta - galactosidase - positive cells was seen in the trametinib pretreated group , and this correlated with activation of two of the major mediators of induced senescence , p53 and pRb . - pubmed

CONCLUSION : Trametinib radiosensitised RAS-/RAF - mutated melanoma cells by inducing prolonged G1 arrest and premature senescence . - pubmed

Blood pressure , urinary albumin / creatinine ratio , and serum albumin and creatinine levels were measured . - pubmed

There were no significant differences in urinary albumin / creatinine ratio as well as serum albumin and creatinine levels in Model and Sham groups . - pubmed

Possible Role of HER-2 in the Progression of Prostate Cancer from Primary Tumor to Androgen Independence . - pubmed

The influence of HER-2 expression on the frequency of biochemical failure and effects of androgen blockade was determined . - pubmed

Men CPC ( + ) had a higher frequency of biochemical failure , but there was no difference in HER-2 expression of CPCs with the frequency of biochemical failure . - pubmed

After androgen blockade , men with HER-2 ( + ) positive secondary CPCs had a higher frequency of disease progression to castrate resistant disease . - pubmed

In the presence of androgens , there is no survival advantage of expressing HER-2 , but once biochemical failure has occurred and androgen blockade started , HER-2 positive cells are resistant to treatment , survive and grow leading to castration resistant disease . - pubmed

BACKGROUND : The phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor sildenafil has been shown to attenuate delayed cerebral ischemia ( DCI ) and improve neurologic function in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage ( SAH ) . - pubmed

Each underwent ( 15 ) O - PET imaging to measure global and regional CBF at baseline and post - sildenafil . - pubmed

RESULTS : Mean arterial pressure declined by 10 mm Hg on average post - sildenafil ( 8 % , p = 0.01 ) , while ICP was unchanged . - pubmed

There was no change in global CBF ( mean 34.5 + - 7 ml/100g / min at baseline vs. 33.9 + - 8.0 ml/100g / min post - sildenafil , p = 0.84 ) . - pubmed

Up - regulating the abscisic acid inactivation gene ZmABA8ox1b contributes to seed germination heterosis by promoting cell expansion . - pubmed

Here we show that increased mutation density at gene promoters can be linked to promoter activity and differential nucleotide excision repair ( NER ) . - pubmed

Cost - Effectiveness Analysis of Ugt1a1 Genotyping Before Colorectal Cancer Treatment with Irinotecan . - pubmed

Specifically , these studies have established that artemisinin resistance manifests as slow parasite clearance in patients and increased survival of early - ring - stage parasites in vitro ; is caused by single nucleotide polymorphisms in the parasite 's K13 gene , is associated with an upregulated " unfolded protein response " pathway that may antagonize the pro - oxidant activity of artemisinins , and selects for partner drug resistance that rapidly leads to ACT failures . - pubmed

Intensifying these efforts should help to forestall the spread of artemisinin and partner drug resistance from SEA to sub - Saharan Africa , where the world 's malaria transmission , morbidity , and mortality rates are highest . - pubmed

The inhibitor of canonical NFkappaB activation parthenolide inhibited the CCL19 and the early RANTES responses , but not the CCL21 or late RANTES responses . - pubmed

The gilts were fed one of the following three diets for 14 days : a basic diet for the control group ; the basic diet supplemented with ZEA - contaminated basic diet for the treatment 1 ( T1 ) group ; and the basic diet supplemented with fermented ZEA - contaminated basic diet by CK1 for the treatment 2 ( T2 ) group . - pubmed

The actual ZEA contents ( analyzed ) were 0 , 1.20 + - 0.11 , 0.47 + - 0.22 mg / kg for the control , T1 , and T2 diets , respectively . - pubmed

Net glucose and insulin production were calculated from portal - arterial differences x portal blood flow , and PDV O consumption was calculated as arterial - portal O differences x portal blood flow . - pubmed

Indications of chemical bond contrast in AFM images of a hydrogen - terminated silicon surface . - pubmed

The lotr1 mutants display altered localization of CASP1 , an essential protein for Casparian strip formation [ 9 ] , disrupted Casparian strips , ectopic suberization of endodermal cells , and low accumulation of shoot calcium ( Ca ) . - pubmed

Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 ( NTPDase1 ) degrades the purines ATP and ADP that are key regulators of inflammation and clotting . - pubmed

Prepared nanocomposites were characterized by means of FT - IR , 1H NMR , Zeta - potential measurements , TEM and EDX analyses . - pubmed

Replication of rs300774 , a genetic biomarker near ACP1 , associated with suicide attempts in patients with schizophrenia : Relation to brain cholesterol biosynthesis . - pubmed

This SNP also functioned as a trans - eQTL for genes related to cholesterol biosynthesis and the wnt - beta - catenin pathway ( p & lt;= 0.0001 ) . - pubmed

Further , co - expression analysis of candidate genes in brain suggested ACP1 is important to the regulation of a number of brain mechanisms linked to suicide , including cholesterol synthesis , beta - catenin - mediated signaling pathway , serotonin , GABA , and the stress response via ARHGAP35 ( p190rhogap ) , a repressor of glucocorticoid receptor ( NR3C1 ) transcription . - pubmed

SA application significantly improved freezing tolerance as evidenced by reduced ion - leakage and alleviated oxidative stress ( lower accumulation of O2 - and H2O2 ) following freeze - thaw stress treatments ( -6.5 , -7.5 , and -8.5 C ) . - pubmed

Improved freezing tolerance of SA - treated leaves was paralleled by increased proline and ascorbic acid ( AsA ) accumulation . - pubmed

A 9 - d cold acclimation ( CA ) treatment also improved leaf freezing tolerance ( compared to non - acclimated control ) and was accompanied by accumulation of SA and proline . - pubmed

Notably , the beneficial effect of SA on freezing tolerance was abolished when either H2O2- or NO - scavenger ( 1 muM N - acetylneuraminic acid , NANA or 100 muM hemoglobin , HB , respectively ) was added to SA as pretreatment . - pubmed

Glycosaminoglycan ( GAG ) enrichment is a dominant hallmark of early CAVD , but culture of valvular interstitial cells ( VICs ) in biomaterial environments containing pathological amounts of hyaluronic acid ( HA ) or chondroitin sulfate ( CS ) did not directly increase indicators of disease progression such as VIC activation or inflammatory cytokine production . - pubmed

Stretched samples had increased myocardial cGMP levels , increased phosphorylated vasodilator - stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation , as well as , increased titin phosphorylation , which was reduced by prior protein kinase G ( PKG ) inhibition ( PKGi ) . - pubmed

PT decay after stretching was significantly reduced by combined NP antagonism , NO synthase inhibition and NO scavenging , or by PKGi . - pubmed

However , glycated albumin is also affected by obesity and albumin , and it is desirable to make a comprehensive judgment with glycated haemoglobin , random plasma glucose and other glycaemic index . - pubmed

Meanwhile , ICS II repressed the down - regulation of calbindin protein induced by IBO . - pubmed

CONCLUSION : These results suggest that ICS II attenuates IBO - induced cognitive deficits , possibly via the regulation of calbindin expression and the inhibition of apoptotic response . - pubmed

In addition , the MAPK signaling pathway is implicated in the potential mechanisms of ICS II against IBO - induced excitotoxicity , indicating that ICS II is a promising compound for treatment of excitotoxicity - related diseases , including AD . - pubmed

There are three classes of drugs available for treatment : endothelin receptor antagonists ( ERA ) , drugs acting on nitric oxide pathway ( riociguat and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors [ PDE5i ] ) , and drugs acting on prostacyclin pathway . - pubmed

Importantly , a significant modulation of several psoriasis - related inflammatory cytokines and chemokines was observed compared to the high dose of free EGCG ( p<0.05 ) . - pubmed

In the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid , GO and DADS inhibited the elevation in the counts of inflammatory cells , particularly neutrophils , which were induced in the CS and LPS ( CS + LPS ) group . - pubmed

Additionally , GO and DADS inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal - regulated kinase and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the lung tissues . - pubmed

Taken together , these findings indicate that GO and DADS could be a potential preventive agent in CS - induced airway inflammation . - pubmed

Isothiocyanates ( ITCs ) are chemoprotectives produced as the hydrolyzed product of GSLs by enzyme myrosinase . - pubmed

Induction of ARE ( antioxidant responsive element ) and ROS ( reactive oxygen species ) mediated pathway by Nrf2 controls the activity of nuclear factor - kappaB ( NF - kappaB ) . - pubmed

Antagonistic activity of BITC , PEITC and SFN against cancer was related with the direct / indirect interaction with Nrf2 and NF - kappaB protein . - pubmed

All three ITCs able to disrupts Nrf2 - Keap1 complex and translocate Nrf2 into the nucleus . - pubmed

BITC have the affinity to inhibit the NF - kappaB than SFN due to the presence of additional benzyl structure . - pubmed

We have also discussed the molecular interaction(s ) of the antagonistic effect of BITC , PEITC and SFN with Nrf2 and NF - kappaB to prevent cancer . - pubmed

The hole transport layer - free C - PSC with a structure of fluorine - doped tin oxide / compact TiO2 / mesoporous TiO2 / CH3NH3PbI3 - SWCNT / SWCNT - C gained a remarkable PCE of 15.73 % with an FF of 0.72 , accompanied by an outstanding stability of 90 days in the dark under high - humidity [ 65 + - 5 % relative humidity ( RH ) , 25 + - 5 C ] and high - temperature ( 75 + - 5 C , 25 + - 5 % RH ) conditions . - pubmed

rosae was detected for genes from the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways and for individual PR genes , such as paralogs of PR1 and PR5 , and other factors of the salicylic acid signaling pathway . - pubmed

Sinomenine retards LPS - elicited inflammation via down - regulating CCAT1 in HaCaT cells . - pubmed

Sinomenine pre - administration maintained cell viability , blocked apoptosis and relieved inflammation with the decrease in cleaved caspase-3 /- 9 and inflammatory factors . - pubmed

LPS - induced phosphorylation of p65 , IkappaBalpha and p38MAPK and overexpression of CCAT1 were precluded by sinomenine . - pubmed

CCAT1 overexpression , which per se induced inflammatory lesions , negated the positive effects of sinomenine with the restored phosphorylation of p65 , IkappaBalpha , and p38MAPK . - pubmed

The anti - inflammatory activity of sinomenine might be mediated by CCAT1 down - regulation . - pubmed

LC - MS analysis revealed that the extracts contained different classes of phenolics . - pubmed

Bone Marrow and Tumor Radiomics at 18F - FDG PET / CT : Impact on Outcome Prediction in Non - Small Cell Lung Cancer . - pubmed

Each tumor , its surrounding penumbra , and bone marrow from the L3 - L5 vertebral bodies was contoured on pretreatment FDG PET / CT images . - pubmed

At the end of induction treatment , the CR / PR rate was 43 6/50 9 % and 36 3/60 8 % in the R - CHOP and R - CVP groups ( P = 0 218 ) respectively . - pubmed

After a median follow - up of 67 , 66 , and 70 months , five - year EFS was 61 % vs. 56 % ( not significant ) , progression - free survival ( PFS ) was 71 % vs. 69 % ( not significant ) and overall survival ( OS ) was 84 % vs. 89 % in the R - CHOP vs. the R - CVP arm respectively . - pubmed

Butyrate supplementation suppresses arthritis in a Breg - dependent manner by increasing the level of the serotonin - derived metabolite 5 - Hydroxyindole-3 - acetic acid ( 5 - HIAA ) , which activates the aryl - hydrocarbon receptor ( AhR ) , a newly discovered transcriptional marker for Breg function . - pubmed

Thus , butyrate supplementation via AhR activation controls a molecular program that supports Breg function while inhibiting germinal center ( GC ) B cell and plasmablast differentiation . - pubmed

One - pot synthesis of glycyrrhetic acid polyglycosides based on grafting - from method using cyclic sulfite . - pubmed

Glycyrrhetic acid polyglycosides were synthesized in one - pot via cationic ring - opening condensation polymerization of cyclic sulfite ( 4 ) initiated by glycyrrhetic acid as an aglycon . - pubmed

To more effectively identify promising Nrf2 activators through the inhibition of Keap1 - Nrf2 PPI , a homogeneous time - resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer ( TR - FRET ) assay was developed in this work by indirectly labeling the Keap1 Kelch domain protein with Tb - anti - His antibody as the donor and using , as the acceptor , fluorescein isothiocyanate ( FITC)-labeled 9mer Nrf2 peptide amide , the same fluorescent probe that was used in an earlier fluorescence polarization ( FP ) assay . - pubmed

Silencing of Nrf2 enhanced the degree of apoptosis of EPCs as well as resulted in the impairment of EPC functions through inducing the promotion of ( reactive oxygen species ) ROS production . - pubmed

Marein treatment decreased hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha ( HIF-1alpha ) , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma ( PPARgamma ) , medium chain acyl - coenzyme A dehydrogenase , glucose transporter-4 , and glycerol-3 - phosphate acyltransferase protein expressions , and increased PPARalpha , fatty acid transport protein-1 , carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 , and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 protein expressions . - pubmed

TRO was faster for the LAP - ST ( mean = 6.8 min ; SE = 4.9 ) than standard RUL ECT ( mean = 15.5 min ; SE = 6.5 ) . - pubmed

Our results revealed NEO and its constituents as potent and efficient Cx43 GJ inhibitors acting by slow gating mechanism . - pubmed

GLP-1 regulation by food proteins and protein hydrolysates . - pubmed

Glucagon - like peptide 1 ( GLP-1 ) is an enterohormone with a key role in several processes controlling body homeostasis , including glucose homeostasis and food intake regulation . - pubmed

We review the literature on the GLP-1 secretory effects of protein and protein hydrolysates , and the mechanisms through which they exert these effects . - pubmed

Crude extracts of the transport - deficient mutant strain uc-5 pyr-1 were shown to have uridine 5 '- monophosphate pyrophosphorylase activity comparable to that of the wild - type strain , suggesting that uracil uptake in Neurospora does not occur by a group translocation mechanism involving phosphoribosylation . - pubmed

Specificity studies of uridine 5 '- monophosphate pyrophosphorylase indicated that phosphoribosylation was not an important determinant of the specificity of uracil uptake . - pubmed

Rabbit muscle pyruvate kinase has been shown to catalyze the decarboxylation of oxalacetate ( Creighton , D.J. - pubmed

Phosphoenol - alpha - ketobutyrate , an analog of the substrate phosphoenol - pyruvate , inhibits decarboxylase and kinase competitively and with nearly identical Ki values ( 5.7 micron and 4.8 micron , respectively ) . - pubmed

But , effects of the following modifiers suggest that different amino acid residues at that site participate in the two reactions : phenylalanine inhibition and fructose 1,6 - bisphosphate activation are more effective with the decarboxylase ; iodoacetamide preferentially inactivates decarboxylase while trinitrobenzenesulfonate preferentially inactivates kinase . - pubmed

The purified enzyme was homogeneous as judged by disc gel electrophoresis and was most active at pH 7.8 using formaldehyde as a substrate . - pubmed

The enzyme was also active toward acetaldehyde , propionaldehyde , glyoxal , and pyruvaldehyde , though the reaction rates were low . - pubmed

The enzyme was markedly inhibited by Ni2 + , Pd2 + , Hg2 + , p - chloromercuribenzoate , and phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride . - pubmed

The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 150,000 by the gel filtration method , and analysis by SDS - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that the enzyme was composed of two subunit monomers . - pubmed

The enzyme catalyzed the oxidation of formaldehyde accompanied by the stoichiometric reduction of NAD + , but no reverse reaction was observed . - pubmed

[ Effect of labor on plasma levels of chorionic somatomammotropin ( CS ) , estradiol ( E2 ) , progesterone ( Pr ) and cortisol ; behavior of these levels in the first hours of the puerperium ] . - pubmed

These studies have shown that the target of this nalidixic acid effect is dictated by the recB and recC genes and may be due to the binding of nalidixic acid to exonuclease V. - pubmed

Growth factors elicit increases in both the phosphoserine and the phosphotyrosine content of the PLC - gamma 1 isozyme . - pubmed

PLC - gamma 1 contains three tyrosine phosphorylation sites , which have been identified as residues 771 , 783 and 1254 . - pubmed

Phosphorylation of tyrosine residues is sufficient to increase the catalytic activity of PLC - gamma 1 , though other proteins may modulate this activation . - pubmed

However , the role of growth factor - enhanced phosphorylation of serine residues on PLC - gamma 1 remains obscure . - pubmed

In vitro studies of PLC - gamma 1 , recovered from growth factor - treated cells , indicate that activation by tyrosine phosphorylation is not due to increased sensitivity to Ca2 + , a required co - factor , but is reflected in altered kinetic constants , i.e. - pubmed

Disappearance of a highly unusual clone , 46,XY , del(7)(p12),t(9;22)(q34;q11 ) in chronic myeloid leukemia after treatment with recombinant interferon and cytosine arabinoside . - pubmed

Conventional chemotherapy with hydroxyurea and then with recombinant interferon - alpha ( rIFN - alpha ) did not reduce the population of either subclone . - pubmed

However , after treatment with a combination of rIFN - alpha and low - dose cytosine arabinoside ( LoDac ) continuously infused subcutaneously ( s.c . ) - pubmed

The Ki values for these nucleoside inhibitors were similar to their reported Km values as permeants of the nucleoside transporter . - pubmed

To test this hypothesis , the endoplasmic reticulum retention sequence Lys - Asp - Glu - Leu ( KDEL ) was added to the C - terminus of the wildtype TGF - beta 1 coding sequence , and to a construct in which mutagenesis of two cysteine residues in the precursor pro region results in the synthesis and secretion of active , as opposed to latent , TGF - beta . - pubmed

These and other observations demonstrate that in a purely " postsynaptic " system , short - term potentiation can be induced and is mediated via NMDA receptors whereas the potentiated current is carried via non - NMDA glutamate receptor channels . - pubmed

The observations of cell surface antigen expression were paralleled by analysis of glycolipids isolated from the cells by thin - layer chromatography . - pubmed

This analysis , in which the new monoclonal antibodies VINIS-56 and VIN-2PB-22 were included , also revealed expression of gangliosides GD3 and GD2 in all differentiated cultures , albeit at much lower levels following HMBA exposure than following retinoic acid or BUdR - exposure . - pubmed

The following results were observed : 1 ) vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and enkephalin did not influence mucociliary activity ; 2 ) bombesin had only a slight accelerating effect on the mucociliary activity at doses of 0.1 to 10 micrograms / kg ; and 3 ) substance P markedly accelerated the mucociliary activity in a dose - dependent manner in the dose range 0.01 to 10 micrograms / kg , the maximal increase being about 50 % . - pubmed

The effect of substance P was atropine - resistant , and probably acted directly on the mucosa . - pubmed

Cilazapril induced a pronounced increase of plasma renin activity and angiotensin I concentrations , whereas after propranolol both parameters decreased . - pubmed

After the pharmacological challenges with angiotensin I and isoprenaline specific effects of the ACE inhibitor and beta - adrenoceptor blocker were found respectively . - pubmed

At rest blood pressure was lowered by both drugs , but total peripheral resistance increased after propranolol and decreased after cilazapril . - pubmed

Essentially fatty - acid - free or essentially fatty - acid- and globulin - free BSA stimulated RTE cell colony formation at low concentrations ( less than 2.5 to 5 mg BSA / ml ) but resulted in concentration - dependent decreases in colony - forming efficiency at higher concentrations . - pubmed

Finally , commercially available fraction V BSA prepared by heat shock , dialysis , charcoal treatment , and deionization was stimulatory at low concentrations but inhibitory at high concentrations . - pubmed

These results suggest that a massive influx of sodium into the muscle fibers through their cut ends results in maximal stimulation of the Na +- K +- ATPase of the T - tubular membrane leading to increasing Na + concentration in the lumen of T - tubules followed by influx of Cl- to maintain the electrical gradient . - pubmed

The anterior pituitary gland , in turn , appears to require this episodic GnRH stimulation in order to secrete the gonadotropins LH and FSH in a physiologic fashion . - pubmed

Replacement regimens of GnRH which employ an episodic pattern of delivery correct the deficiency of endogenous GnRH secretion and stimulate gonadotropin secretion , gonadal steroidogenesis and gametogenesis . - pubmed

However , continuous occupancy of the GnRH receptor by native GnRH and/or its long - acting analogs paradoxically inhibits pituitary gonadotropin secretion . - pubmed

GnRH analogs have been synthesized which exhibit greater affinity and prolonged occupancy on the GnRH receptor and can produce pituitary desensitization of gonadotropin secretion . - pubmed

As regards the presence of carbonic anhydrase in the different types of gastric glandular cells , in addition to the already known function of the enzyme in hydrochloric acid secretion in the oxyntic and oxyntic - peptic cells , we suggest an interpretation of carbonic anhydrase presence observed in many chief cells . - pubmed

In the case of HDL cholesterol , the differences were 0.23 mmol / l among the men and 0.34 mmol / l among the women , explaining in large part the differences of the mean levels of total cholesterol . - pubmed

In serum samples phospholipase A2 , leukotriene C4 , prostaglandin E2 and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase were measured . - pubmed

These results suggest that diabetes results in a loss of myocardial sensitivity to insulin which seems to occur as early as 3 days after induction of diabetes with STZ . - pubmed

Chemical modification of bovine brain tubulin with the guanine nucleotide affinity analogue 5 '- p - fluorosulfonylbenzoylguanosine . - pubmed

Bovine brain tubulin purified in the absence of GTP and MgCl2 , reacts with 5 '- p - fluorosulfonylbenzoylguanosine ( 5 '- FSBG ) 2 , an affinity analog of GTP and two moles of the reagent are incorporated per mole of tubulin at 0 degree C. 5 '- FSBG is unable to promote the polymerization of tubulin into microtubules . - pubmed

Tubulin modified with 5 '- FSBG lost two sulfhydryl groups per mole of tubulin and reduction with beta - mercaptoethanol led to the loss of the 2 moles of FSBG that had been incorporated . - pubmed

These data are interpreted on the basis that the modification of tubulin by 5 '- FSBG proceeds via a thiosulfonate intermediate between the analogue and a reactive thiol group at or near that portion of the GTP binding site of tubulin where the phosphate moiety of GTP binds . - pubmed

Stepwise phosphorolysis with polynucleotide phosphorylase : a novel method for sequence analysis of oligoribonucleotides . - pubmed

[ Trimepranol , a new Czechoslovak sympatholytic beta receptor blockader . - pubmed

The effect of diethyaminoethyl diphenylpropylacetic acid ( SKF 525 - A ) on uridine 5 '- pyrophosphate glucuronyltransferase . - pubmed

The amino acid and nucleotide sequences encoded by the unmutated gene predict that a guanine - to - adenine transition is responsible for the glycine - to - aspartic acid mutation at codon 244 and would also result in the loss of a HaeIII site . - pubmed

Substitution of the hydroxyl group on C7 of cholic acid by a benzamido group leads to a derivative with inhibiting quality for the inward transport of both bile acids and phallotoxins by isolated liver cells . - pubmed

The latter compound was used for affinity labeling of liver plasma membranes in order to detect chemically modified proteins involved in the transport of bile acids . - pubmed

The 67 kDa protein could be found in the aqueous phase after phase separation in Triton X-114 . - pubmed

Aminoacyl - tRNA synthetase fails to activate benzo ( a ) pyrene-4,5 - dihydrodiol for binding to protein in vitro . - pubmed

Response to fibrinolytic activity and factor VIII - related antigen to stimulation with desmopressin in hyperlipoproteinemia . - pubmed

A subnormal activity was invariably found when serum triglyceride concentration was above 8 mmol / L. The defect can be attributed to low levels of extrinsic plasminogen activator . - pubmed

2,2 '- Dipyridyl enhanced the production of chemiluminescence in the presence of FeSO4 , ferritin and haemosiderin but not FeCl3 or horseradish peroxidase . - pubmed

Nitrilotriacetic acid ( NTA ) enhanced chemiluminescence in the presence of both FeSO4 and FeCl3 but not ferritin or haemosiderin . - pubmed

GLUT-2 gene transfer into insulinoma cells confers both low and high affinity glucose - stimulated insulin release . - pubmed

We found that the loss of glucose sensing in these cells was correlated with the loss of expression of GLUT-2 and glucokinase . - pubmed

GLUT-2 expressing cells also exhibited a larger response to the combination of 5 mM glucose + 1 microM forskolin than untransfected cells ( 7.9 versus 1.6 - 2.7 - fold , respectively ) . - pubmed

Preincubation of GLUT-2 expressing intermediate passage RIN cells with 2 - deoxyglucose to inhibit low Km hexokinases resulted in a glucose - stimulated insulin secretion response that was shifted toward the physiologic range . - pubmed

These studies indicate that GLUT-2 expression confers both a high and low affinity glucose - stimulated insulin secretion response to intermediate passage RIN cells . - pubmed

Verapamil is an antagonist of L - type Ca2 + channels , and part of its binding site is located in the sixth transmembrane segment ( S6 ) in the fourth repeat of the protein . - pubmed

Verapamil also blocks K + channels , which are members of the same supergene family as Ca2 + channels . - pubmed

S6 of fHK has significant homology to that portion of the verapamil binding site identified in Ca2 + channels , and S6 is thought to form part of the inner mouth of K+ channel pores . - pubmed

Hypertriglyceridemic effect of fructose is mainly due to an increase in hepatic production of VLDL . - pubmed

Cis - acting element named PKL - III in the 5'-flanking region of this gene is shown to be responsive to dietary fructose as well as to dietary glucose . - pubmed

Overexpression of calreticulin increases intracellular Ca2 + storage and decreases store - operated Ca2 + influx . - pubmed

The widely distributed and highly conserved Ca ( 2 +)-binding protein calreticulin has been suggested to play a role as a Ca2 + storage protein of intracellular Ca + stores . - pubmed

The total cellular Ca2 + content of calreticulin - overexpressing and control cells , as assessed by equilibrium 45Ca + 2 uptake , was 141 + /- 8 and 67 + /- 6 pmol of Ca2+/10(6 ) cells , respectively ( i.e. - pubmed

a 2.1 + /- 0.2 - fold increase in the Ca2 + content of calreticulin - overexpressing cells ) . - pubmed

In contrast , thapsigargin - induced Ca2 + and Mn2 + influxes from the extracellular space were markedly diminished in calreticulin - overexpressing cells , suggesting an active involvement of calreticulin in the regulation of store - operated Ca2 + influx . - pubmed

Rhizobium " hedysari " HCNT1 is an unclassified rhizobium which contains a nitric oxide - producing nitrite reductase but is apparently incapable of coupling the reduction of nitrite to energy conservation . - pubmed

The gene encoding the nitrite reductase , nirK , has been cloned and sequenced and was found to encode a protein closely related to the copper - containing family of nitrite reductases . - pubmed

Unlike other members of this family , nirK expression in HCNT1 is not dependent on the presence of nitrogen oxides , being dependent only on oxygen concentration . - pubmed

This loss of sensitivity suggests that the product of nitrite reductase , nitric oxide , is responsible for inhibition of oxygen respiration . - pubmed

By using a newly developed chemically modified electrode to detect nitric oxide , it was found that nitrite reduction by HCNT1 produces significantly higher nitric oxide concentrations than are observed in true denitrifiers . - pubmed

The capacity to generate such large concentrations of freely diffusible nitric oxide as a consequence of nitrite respiration makes HCNT1 unique among bacteria . - pubmed

A beta production in the TGN persisted even under conditions in which formation of nascent post - TGN vesicles was inhibited by addition of guanosine 5 '- O -( 3 - thiotriphosphate ) , a nonhydrolyzable GTP analogue , or by omission of cytosol . - pubmed

The kinetic pattern obtained from all groups , shows a significant , five - phased curve : phase I ( 2 - 6 days post - vaccination ) shows a slow increase in positive Anthraxin skin reactions . - pubmed

During phase V ( 91 - 365 days post - vaccination ) there is a continuous decrease in positive Anthraxin skin reactions . - pubmed

The authors studied 50 nondiabetic persons who had completed a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp protocol in addition to a 75 - g oral glucose tolerance test and other measures of the coronary risk profile . - pubmed

Factor 1 consisted of positive loadings for uric acid , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , triglyceride concentration , and waist girth and negative loadings for HDL cholesterol and the rate of insulin - mediated glucose disposal ( M , in milligrams per kilogram of body weight per minute ) . - pubmed

M also loaded on factor 2 , along with fasting insulin and glucose concentrations , diastolic blood pressure , and waist girth . - pubmed

Placing a number of different peptides at the COOH termini of a secreted protein and two proteins with type II membrane anchors resulted in their TAP - independent presentation . - pubmed

These findings demonstrate that the secretory compartment possesses proteases able to liberate COOH - terminal antigenic peptides from virtually any context , entirely consistent with a role for these proteases in the processing of TAP - transported antigenic peptide precursors . - pubmed

Short - chain fatty acids inhibit intestinal trefoil factor gene expression in colon cancer cells . - pubmed

The human ITF promoter contained an 11 - residue consensus sequence with high homology to the butyrate response element of the cyclin D1 gene . - pubmed

We conclude that butyrate inhibits ITF expression in colon cancer cells and that this effect may be mediated transcriptionally and independently of its effects on differentiation . - pubmed

The bispecific ligand - antibody conjugate described in this study is a chemical conjugate between an anti - CD3 monoclonal antibody ( MAb ) and folic acid , the ligand for a high - affinity surface receptor expressed on the surface of choroid plexus tumors . - pubmed

Phorbol 12 - myristate 13 acetate ( PMA ) , a potent PKC activator , at 25 nM inhibited the currents through GABArho2 receptors , which have one consensus phosphorylation site by PKC in the predicted intracellular loops . - pubmed

The inhibitory effect of PMA was also observed after removing each consensus phosphorylation site in both GABArho1 and rho2 receptors by site - directed mutagenesis . - pubmed

New minimal substrate structural requirements in the enzymatic peroxidation of alkenes with soybean lipoxygenase . - pubmed

Substance P - mediated [ Ca2 +]i responses involved generation of inositol 1,4 , 5 - trisphosphate and release of Ca2 + from thapsigargin - sensitive stores , whereas mechanically induced responses were partially ( 29 % ) dependent on La3 + -sensitive influx of extracellular Ca2 + and partially on release of intracellular Ca2 + from thapsigargin - insensitive stores gated by ryanodine receptors . - pubmed

In the later case , the underlying mechanism may involve capacitative Ca2 + entry channels that are activated after mechanical stimulation but not by substance P. - pubmed

SERMs offer post - menopausal women many of the advantages of estrogen replacement while mitigating some of the disadvantages , particularly the concern over breast cancer . - pubmed

Heterogeneous long chain acyl - CoA synthetases control distribution of individual fatty acids in newly - formed glycerolipids of neuronal cells undergoing neurite outgrowth . - pubmed

Cells treated with nerve growth factor ( NGF ) were labeled with [ 3H ] glycerol , [ 3H ] oleic acid ( OA ) or [ 3H ] arachidonic acid ( AA ) in the presence of other unlabeled fatty acids of endogenous or exogenous origin . - pubmed

Triacsin C ( 4.8 microM ) , an inhibitor of acyl - CoA synthetase , decreased the incorporation of exogenous [ 3H ] OA into glycerolipids by 30 - 90 % , and increased by about 60 % the accumulation of free [ 3H ] OA in the cells . - pubmed

Activities of the LCAS that is specific for AA ( ACS ) , or of the non - specific LCAS which activates OA and other fatty acids ( OCS ) , were much higher in microsomal and cytoplasmic fractions than in mitochondria or nuclei . - pubmed

The Vmax and Km values of ACS and OCS in microsomes were 12 and 0.7 nmol / min / mg protein and 70 and 37 microM , respectively ; and in cytoplasm , 6 and 0.6 nmol / min / mg protein and 38 and 60 microM , respectively . - pubmed

Triacsin C ( 2 - 33 microM ) did not affect ACS activity in microsomal or cytoplasmal fractions , but inhibited OCS activities dose - dependently and competitively : IC50 and apparent Ki values were 13.5 microM and 14 microM in microsomes , and 3.8 microM and 4 microM in cytoplasm . - pubmed

NGF stimulated the activities of the LCASs , and , consistently , the incorporation of the various fatty acids into glycerolipids . - pubmed

These data indicate that LCASs are heterogeneous with respect to their intracellular locations , substrate specificities , kinetic characteristics and sensitivities to triacsin C ; and that this heterogeneity affects the extents to which individual fatty acids are utilized to form glycerolipids . - pubmed

To clarify whether the sialyl glycoconjugates work as functional molecules in the process of eosinophil degranulation , we examined the localization of sialyl residues after degranulation stimulated with calcium ionophore A23187 or interleukin-5 . - pubmed

Risk assessment based on a clinical score system , myocardial perfusion scintigraphy single photon emission computed tomography ( SPECT ) at rest and during adenosine stress , echocardiography , radionuclide angiography , symptom - limited exercise stress test , and 24 - h Holter ECG recording with ST - analysis and analysis of heart rate variability ( HRV ) were performed 5 - 8 days after hospital admission . - pubmed

Analysis of tyrosine phosphorylation - dependent protein - protein interactions in TrkB - mediated intracellular signaling using modified yeast two - hybrid system . - pubmed

Activated receptor tyrosine kinases induce a large number of tyrosine phosphorylation - dependent protein - protein interactions through which they mediate their various ligand - exerted functions including regulation of proliferation , differentiation and survival . - pubmed

TrkB receptor tyrosine kinase activated by binding of brain - derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) also stimulates various protein interactions in a tyrosine phosphorylation - dependent manner in neuronal cells . - pubmed

To examine tyrosine phosphorylation - dependent interactions stimulated by active TrkB , we developed a modified yeast two - hybrid system , which we call the yeast two - and - a - half - hybrid system . - pubmed

Using this system with Shp2 as the bait , we demonstrated that Shp2 interacts directly with BIT / SHPS-1 ( also called SIRP ) and Grb2 depending on tyrosine phosphorylation mediated by TrkB. - pubmed

We found that fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2beta ( FRS2beta ) , also called SNT2 , interacts with Shp2 dependently on TrkB - mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of FRS2beta / SNT2 . - pubmed

Therefore , we show that the two - and - a - half - hybrid system is a powerful tool for studying tyrosine phosphorylation - dependent protein - protein interactions in intracellular signaling pathways stimulated by TrkB receptor tyrosine kinase . - pubmed

Hormones exhibit a wide range of biological activities on the skin , with major effects caused by growth hormone / insulin - like growth factor-1 , neuropeptides , sex steroids , glucocorticoids , retinoids , vitamin D , peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor ligands , and eicosanoids . - pubmed

Inhibition of actin polymerization with cytochalasin A resulted in similar phenotypes , suggesting that Scar - mediated polymerization of the actin cytoskeleton was important in the regulation of these processes . - pubmed

Possible involvement of endothelin-1 and nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy . - pubmed

Endothelin-1 and NO metabolites were measured by radioimmunoassay and high - performance liquid chromatography based on the Griess method , respectively . - pubmed

CONCLUSION : These results indicate that ET-1 and NO may be related in the pathogenesis of PDR . - pubmed

Cellular effects of purvalanol A : a specific inhibitor of cyclin - dependent kinase activities . - pubmed

In synchronized cells , purvalanol A induced a reversible arrest the progression in G1 and G2 phase of the cell cycle , but did not prevent the completion of DNA synthesis in S - phase cells . - pubmed

The cell contents of cyclins D1 and E were lower in cells incubated with purvalanol A compared to controls , but the level of the cdk inhibitory protein p21(WAF1 / CIP1 ) was increased , indicating that the drug did not cause a general inhibition of gene expression . - pubmed

This compound , however , caused an inhibition of the estradiol - induced expression of an integrated luciferase gene , suggesting that cdk or related enzymes may participate in the regulation of the activity of certain promoters . - pubmed

We found that Tax - mediated apoptosis in response to UV irradiation was inhibited by Bcl-2 and Bcl - X ( L ) overexpression and by treatment with the caspase inhibitor z - VAd - FMK . - pubmed

The phosphorylation of CREB , ATF1 and MAPKAP - K2 were inhibited by SB203580 , a p38MAPK inhibitor , but not by PD98059 , an ERK kinase inhibitor . - pubmed

OBJECTIVES : To compare the in vitro scleral permeability of carboplatin using either a fibrin sealant or a balanced salt solution ( BSS ) vehicle and to measure in vivo ocular tissue levels following subconjunctival injection of carboplatin in fibrin sealant or BSS . - pubmed

RESULTS : In vitro carboplatin in fibrin sealant had a peak permeability constant of 13.7 + /- 2.3 x 10(-6 ) cm / s ; carboplatin in BSS , 27.0 + /- 1.7 x 10(-6 ) cm / s. After 24 hours , 33.2 % + /- 1.8 % of the carboplatin was retained in the fibrin sealant , while 5.5 % + /- 1.0 % was retained in the BSS . - pubmed

In vivo subconjunctival injection of carboplatin in fibrin sealant vehicle achieved 11.83 + /- 5.16 microg / mL in the vitreous at 1(1/2 ) hours and 0.03 + /- 0.06 microg / mL in the vitreous at 2 weeks . - pubmed

CONCLUSION : Fibrin sealant provided a more controlled and localized release of carboplatin and delivered carboplatin to the ocular tissues for up to 2 weeks . - pubmed

CLINICAL RELEVANCE : This study reports the use of fibrin sealant as a subconjunctival delivery vehicle for carboplatin , and quantifies ocular drug levels achieved in an animal model . - pubmed

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of an ECE inhibitor , CGS 26303 , on hemolysate - induced injury of cerebral vessel endothelial cells as well as the production of ET-1 from these cells . - pubmed

Treatment with CGS 26303 inhibited the hemolysate - induced increases in the levels of ET-1 and big ET-1 and reduced endothelial cell injury . - pubmed

During MPTP administration , phosphorylation of p - Jun was increased in the substantia nigra , and MKK4 was increased both in the striatum and substantia nigra . - pubmed

Nucleotide - based amplification method is an important system for the identification of genomic modified foods ( GMF ) . - pubmed

In the potassium channel KcsA and in the cation channel gramicidin , permeant selectivity and mobility are determined by the proteinaceous matrix via hydrogen bonding , charge - dipole , and dipole - dipole interactions . - pubmed

Se , Zn and Cu were measured in plasma together with glutathione peroxidase ( GSH - Px ) activity , and lipid peroxidation ( thiobarbituric acid - reactive substances -- TBARS ) . - pubmed

A radiophotoluminescent ( RPL ) glass rod dosimeter ( GRD ) and a small active volume p - type silicon diode detector ( stereotactic field detector , SFD ) were used for the measurement of Gamma - Knife output factors . - pubmed

The immunophenotypic profile of the two subtypes was indistinguishable concerning the presence or absence of these antigens , including the absence of reactivity for the HLA - DR antigen . - pubmed

For both R689Q and M731 T , sensitivity to vanadate inhibition is decreased , suggesting that the steady - state E(1 ) & lt;==> ; E(2 ) poise of the enzyme is shifted toward E(1 ) . - pubmed

It is suggested that the disease phenotype is the consequence of lowered molecular activity of the alpha2 pump isoform due to either decreased K(+ ) affinity ( T345A ) or catalytic turnover ( R689Q and M731 T ) , thus causing a delay in extracellular K (+ ) clearance and/or altered localized Ca ( 2 + ) handling / signaling secondary to reduced activity in colocalized Na(+)/Ca ( 2 + ) exchange . - pubmed

In an example application , PG-594 was added to simulated milk samples to study effects of heat and beta - lactoglobulin ( beta - LG ) on the distribution of PG . - pubmed

Before heating , about one - third of the PG-594 remained soluble in the whey fraction ( supernatant ) whereas the rest became associated with the casein micelle . - pubmed

Heat - induced PG-594 binding to micelles in whey - protein - free systems was evidenced by a decrease of PG-594 from 31 to 15 % in the whey fraction accompanied by an increase of PG-594 from 69 to 85 % in casein micelle fractions . - pubmed

Incubation of the casein micelles with the reducing agent beta - mercaptoethanol revealed that disulfide bonds formed between PG and casein or between PG and casein - bound beta - LG are the mechanisms for heat - induced PG binding to casein micelles . - pubmed

Theoretically important findings are : 1 ) when heated , serum PG is capable of covalently binding to micellar casein or complexing with beta - LG in whey and then coadhering to micelles , and 2 ) PG that associated with micellar casein through lysine binding sites before heating is capable of developing heat - induced disulfide bonds with casein . - pubmed

The fact that the main mediators involved are sulfidoleukotrienes ( LTC4 , LTD4 , LTE4 ) and that the drugs responsible all inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 ( COX-1 ) , pointed to a pharmacogenetic abnormality of arachidonic acid metabolism . - pubmed

The splanchnic bed produces cortisol at rates approximating extraadrenal tissues by converting cortisone to cortisol via the 11beta - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ( 11beta - HSD ) type 1 pathway . - pubmed

Fasting glucose and insulin concentrations did not differ on the meal and saline study days . - pubmed

Glucose and insulin concentrations increased after meal ingestion , peaking at 11.0 + /- 1.0 mmol / l and 451 + /- 64 pmol / l , respectively , at 45 min , then fell to baseline thereafter . - pubmed

In contrast , glucose and insulin concentrations slowly fell to 5.1 + /- 0.1 mmol / l and 27 + /- 6 pmol / l during the 6 h of observation on the saline study day . - pubmed

We conclude that ingestion of a mixed meal does not alter either splanchnic cortisol production or the conversion of D4 cortisol to D3 cortisol or , therefore by implication , flux via the splanchnic 11beta - HSD type 1 pathway . - pubmed

Enantiomer separation of amino acids in immunoaffinity micro LC - MS . - pubmed

Chiral immunoaffinity microbore columns were directly interfaced with MS detection , and the effect of column length and temperature on the enantiomer separation of a number of underivatized aromatic and aliphatic amino acids was investigated utilizing an antibody chiral stationary phase that had been prepared by immobilizing a monoclonal anti - D - amino acid antibody onto silica . - pubmed

The stronger affinity of the antibody towards aromatic and bulky amino acids allowed separation of such analytes in a 0.75 x 150 mm column , while an increase in column length enabled separation of more weakly bound compounds . - pubmed

For the first time , simultaneous enantiomer separation of mixtures of amino acids was achieved on antibody - based chiral stationary phases using extracted ion chromatograms . - pubmed

Synthesis , dihydrofolate reductase inhibition , antitumor testing , and molecular modeling study of some new 4 ( 3H )- quinazolinone analogs . - pubmed

After blending the products with polyurethane ( PU ) and casting the result as film , the PEO segments migrated to the surface of the blend and the PCL segments acted as an anchor to fix the co - polymer on PU matrix , while the PEO segments provided PU the hydrophibility to prevent the fibrinogen adsorption on PU . - pubmed

Biosynthesis of isoprenoids : studies on the mechanism of 2C - methyl - D - erythritol-4 - phosphate synthase . - pubmed

2C - Methyl - D - erythritol-4 - phosphate synthase , encoded by the ispC gene ( also designated dxr ) , catalyzes the first committed step in the nonmevalonate isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway . - pubmed

Hydroxyacetone , the putative second fragment expected from the retroaldol cleavage , was not incorporated into the enzyme product . - pubmed

In contrast to other reports , IspC did not catalyze the isomerisation of 1 - deoxy - D - xylulose 5 - phosphate to give 1 - deoxy - L - ribulose 5 - phosphate under any conditions tested . - pubmed

The patient carrying the last duplication presents sex reversal , Peters ' anomaly and renal cysts and the duplication is located 4Mb away from the HSD17B1 gene , coding a key enzyme of testosterone biosynthesis . - pubmed

Apixaban , an oral , direct inhibitor of activated Factor Xa . - pubmed

Apixaban is an oral , direct Factor Xa inhibitor that is being developed by Bristol - Myers Squibb Co and Pfizer Inc. Apixaban is currently undergoing phase III clinical trials for cerebrovascular ischemia , deep vein thrombosis and lung embolism , and phase II clinical trials for coronary artery disease . - pubmed

This was performed by direct analysis of the ability of U1 to bind to wild - type and mutant donor sites , by engineering an in vitro splicing system to directly evaluate the functional importance of U1 snRNA base pairing with the exon 29 donor site , and by coexpression of mutant U1 snRNP molecules to try to rescue exon 29 inclusion in vivo . - pubmed

The present study investigates the consequences of cigarette smoke exposure on ciliary function and transepithelial chloride ( Cl (- ) ) secretion , a major determinant of ASL . - pubmed

Effects on ciliary beat frequency ( CBF ) and Cl (- ) secretion were investigated using pharmacologic manipulation . - pubmed

Forskolin - stimulated CBF was also significantly reduced when acutely exposed to CSC ( 5.64 + /- 0.06 Hz vs. control 7.15 + /- 0.18 Hz ) . - pubmed

For the rapid detection of the ethanol , pH and rest sugar in red wine , infrared ( IR ) spectra of 44 wine samples were analyzed . - pubmed

The models were used to estimate the contents of ethanol , pH and rest sugar in red wine samples for both in calibration set and predicted set . - pubmed

The results indicate that the r and RMSEP for the prediction of ethanol content , pH and rest sugar content are 0.953 , 0.983 and 0.994 , and 0.161 , 0.017 and 0.181 , respectively . - pubmed

The addition of immunosuppressive therapy , such as rituximab , to ITI may improve outcomes , although the optimal approach to combined ITI / immunosuppression has not been established . - pubmed

Estrogen receptors alpha ( ER - alpha ) and beta ( ER - beta ) play distinct biological roles in onset and progression of hormone - responsive breast cancer , with ER - beta exerting a modulatory activity on ER - alpha - mediated estrogen signaling and stimulation of cell proliferation by mechanisms still not fully understood . - pubmed

This probably occurs by correcting diabetes - linked increased clearance of thiamine , maintaining activity and expression of thiamine pyrophosphate - dependent enzymes that help counter the adverse effects of high glucose concentrations - particularly transketolase . - pubmed

We have conducted a site - specific saturation mutagenesis study of H181 and H184 of flavoprotein pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase ( PETN reductase ) to probe the role of these residues in substrate binding and catalysis with a variety of alpha , beta - unsaturated alkenes . - pubmed

In addition , many mutants exhibited a switch in reactivity to predominantly catalyse nitro reduction , as opposed to C C reduction . - pubmed

The multiple binding conformations of hydroxy substituted nitro - olefins in PETN reductase were examined by using both structural and catalytic techniques . - pubmed

Serum uric acid ( UA ) and creatine phosphokinase were evaluated . - pubmed

The levels of creatine phosphokinase and F ( 2 )- isoprostanes decreased after exercise . - pubmed

Prevention of benzyl alcohol - induced aggregation of chymotrypsinogen by PEGylation . - pubmed

Herein we investigated the efficiency of PEGylation ( attachment of poly ( ethylene glycol ) ) to prevent benzyl alcohol - induced aggregation of the model protein alpha - chymotrypsinogen A ( aCTgn ) . - pubmed

KEY FINDINGS : When the model protein was reconstituted in buffer containing 0.9 % benzyl alcohol , copious amounts of buffer - insoluble aggregates formed within 24 h ( & gt;10 % ) . - pubmed

Benzyl alcohol - induced aggregation was completely prevented when two or five molecules of PEG with a molecular weight of 5000 Da were attached to the protein , whereas two or four molecules of bound 700 Da PEG were completely inefficient in preventing aggregation . - pubmed

Involvement of visfatin in palmitate - induced upregulation of inflammatory cytokines in hepatocytes . - pubmed

Visfatin - specific small interfering RNA significantly decreased the palmitate - induced mRNA expression and protein synthesis of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor - alpha . - pubmed

Finally , by using the immunoabsorption method , binding partner proteins of two proteins residing in the interiors , PSD-95 and alpha - tubulin , and those of two proteins residing in the peripheral regions , elongation factor-1alpha and calcium , calmodulin - dependent protein kinase II alpha subunit , of cerebral and cerebellar PSDs were identified . - pubmed

A retrospective chart review was conducted on all patients treated with warfarin for a minimum of 14 days within a Long - Term Care ( LTC ) facility to compare Time within Therapeutic Range ( TTR ) between staff treated patients versus pharmacist treated patients . - pubmed

Design and synthesis of 8 - substituted benzamido - phenylxanthine derivatives as MAO - B inhibitors . - pubmed

We designed and synthesized a class of 8 - substituted benzamido - phenylxanthine derivatives as MAO - B inhibitors . - pubmed

The laboratory investigations showed a significant drop in hemoglobin and increased serum bilirubin . - pubmed

We identified that osmotic stress induces the phosphorylation of Raptor at Ser-696 , Thr-706 , and Ser-863 using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry . - pubmed

AP-3 binds to a PAR1 cytoplasmic tail - localized tyrosine - based motif and mediates PAR1 lysosomal degradation independent of ubiquitination . - pubmed

The ( I ) layers in the sesqui - dioxane and sesqui - benzene solvates are isostructural and unrelated to those in the hemi - MEK , mono - benzene and mono - toluene solvates . - pubmed

Rods of one kind are similar to analogous rods in the sesqui - dioxane and the sesqui - benzene solvates , whereas rods of the other kind are only remotely related to rods in the hemi - MEK solvate . - pubmed

The ability of IGFBP-3 to modulate the balance between pro - apoptotic and pro - survival sphingolipids by regulating sphingosine kinase 1 and sphingomyelinases may be integral to its role at the crossroads between cell death and survival in response to a variety of stimuli . - pubmed

Site-3 toxins bind primarily to the extracellular loops connecting transmembrane helical segments S1 - S2 and S3 - S4 in Domain 4 ( D4 ) and S5 - S6 in Domain 1 ( D1 ) and slow fast - inactivation of voltage - gated sodium channels . - pubmed

Scorpion alpha - toxin binding impedes D4S4 segment movement during inactivation since the modification rates of R3C in hNav1.4 with methanethiosulfonate ( CH3SO2SCH2CH2R , where R = - N ( CH3 ) 3 ( + ) trimethylammonium , MTSET ) and benzophenone-4 - carboxamidocysteine methanethiosulfonate ( BPMTS ) were slowed ~10 - fold in toxin - modified channels . - pubmed

The TARP gamma-8 isoform , which is highly expressed in the hippocampus , has a unique , long C - terminal domain with five distinct regions : two glycine - rich regions , a serine / arginine - rich region , a proline / alanine ( P / A ) rich region , and a PSD-95 / Dlg / ZO-1 ( PDZ ) binding motif . - pubmed

In addition , the GST - gamma-8 C - terminal tail ( residues 353 - 414 ) fusion protein containing the P / A - rich region bound to purified calcineurin in a Ca ( 2 + ) /calmodulin - dependent manner , whereas GST - gamma-8 with a deletion of the P / A - rich region did not . - pubmed

Our findings further suggest that the competition among various emission centers ( bright edge states ) and traps dominates the optical properties of these fluorescent carbon nanomaterials . - pubmed

Significance of osteopontin in the sensitivity of malignant pleural mesothelioma to pemetrexed . - pubmed

However , the mechanism of the sensitivity of MPM to PEM remains unclear . - pubmed

We analyzed the antitumor effects of PEM in six MPM cell lines by MTS assay . - pubmed

Pathway analysis revealed that osteopontin ( SPP1 / OPN ) was an important target in PEM sensitivity . - pubmed

PEM treatment with SPP1 / OPN knockdown inhibited the PEM - induced cell growth - inhibitory effect in PEM - sensitive cells . - pubmed

Expression of SPP1 / OPN and AKT phosphorylation significantly decreased after PEM treatment of the PEM - sensitive cells . - pubmed

PEM has antitumor effects in MPM cells dependent on SPP1 / OPN overexpression resulting in AKT activation . - pubmed

Our results suggest that SPP1 may be used as a single predictive biomarker of the effectiveness of PEM treatment in MPM . - pubmed

The voltage - gated sodium channel TPC1 confers endolysosomal excitability . - pubmed

The organelles have a previously uncharacterized , depolarization - activated , noninactivating Na (+ ) channel ( lysoNaV ) . - pubmed

Thus , TPC1 is a member of a new family of voltage - gated Na (+ ) channels that senses pH changes and confers electrical excitability to organelles . - pubmed

UNLABELLED : PURPOSES / AIM : Glucocorticoid steroids can induce expression of PPARgamma gene and enhance adipogenesis by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ( BMSCs ) , which may result in osteonecrosis of the femoral head . - pubmed

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preventive effects of siRNA targeting PPARgamma gene on steroid - induced adipogenesis and osteonecrosis . - pubmed

The resulting mature form ( M(WT ) ) containing the catalytic domain and the PkdD showed optimum azocaseinolytic activity at 3 to 3.5 M NaCl , demonstrating salt - dependent stability . - pubmed

Activated platelets , in response to tissue damage , induce a proinflammatory program involving the aberrant expression of cyclooxygenase ( COX )- 2 , which leads to increased tissue concentrations of the proinflammatory and protumorigenic prostaglandin E2 . - pubmed

Low - dose aspirin acts as an antiplatelet agent by causing an irreversible inactivation of platelet COX-1 activity and the synthesis of thromboxane A2 . - pubmed

In this review we first discuss ion channels and transporters that function at the plasma membrane of melanocytes ; in the second part we consider ion transport across the membrane of intracellular organelles , with emphasis on melanosomes . - pubmed

CONCLUSIONS : Letrozole and everolimus synergistically inhibit the proliferation and induce cell apoptosis by inhibiting the cell signal pathway PI3K / Akt / mTOR and inducing cell apoptosis , thus showing a promising anti - tumor effectiveness . - pubmed

Reported here is the use of stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture ( SILAC ) and pulse proteolysis ( PP ) for detection and quantitation of protein - ligand binding interactions on the proteomic scale . - pubmed

Increasing the substitute of carboxylic groups on CM - beta - CD was propitious to the formation of Ag nanoclusters and the stability of the produced silver nanoclusters was greatly improved . - pubmed

N - Acylethanolamine acid amidase ( NAAA ) is a cysteine amidase belonging to the N - terminal nucleophile ( Ntn ) hydrolases that primarily degrades anti - inflammatory and analgesic lipid amide palmitoylethanolamide . - pubmed

In this chapter , we review our contribution to ( i ) the determination of the reaction mechanism of amide hydrolysis catalyzed by cysteine Ntn - hydrolases and ( ii ) the discovery and optimization of active - site - directed inhibitors of NAAA characterized by a beta - lactone warhead . - pubmed

At H6 , parameters reflecting macrocirculation were not associated with mortality , whereas higher arterial lactate and mottling score were associated with death . - pubmed

The mean hemoglobin concentration was lower in women compared to men ( 11.7 vs. 12.6 g / dl , p & lt;= 0.0001 ) , while the blood urea and creatinine levels were higher in men ( p & lt ; 0.0001 ) . - pubmed

Erratum for : Eriocitrin and Apigenin as New Carbonic Anhydrase VA Inhibitors from a Virtual Screening of Calabrian Natural Products . - pubmed

In contrast to PFO- subjects , PFO+ subjects had 1 ) no improvement in A - aDO2 at rest and during exercise at ALT16 compared with ALT1 , 2 ) no significant increase in resting alveolar ventilation , or alveolar Po2 , at ALT16 compared with ALT1 , and consequently had 3 ) an increased arterial Pco2 and decreased arterial Po2 and arterial O2 saturation at rest at ALT16 . - pubmed

Furthermore , PFO+ subjects had an increased incidence of acute mountain sickness ( AMS ) at ALT1 concomitant with significantly lower peripheral O2 saturation ( SpO2 ) . - pubmed

Bromodeoxyuridine birth dating experiments in combination with immunohistochemical analysis using layer - specific markers showed that Dab2IP is important for proper positioning of a subset of layer II - IV neurons in the developing cortex . - pubmed

Here we present evidences of the effect of Thioflavin T ( ThT ) , a worldwide used fluorescent dye to monitor amyloid growth , on the Abeta ( 1 - 40 ) conformation , stability and aggregation . - pubmed

In particular ThT interactions with specific Abeta(1 - 40 ) residues promote a rigid partially - folded conformation which shifts the balance between different species in solution toward a more aggregation - prone ensemble of peptides , leading to aggregation . - pubmed

KIM-1 / TIM-1 is a phosphatidylserine receptor that is expressed on epithelial cells and can transform the cells into phagocytes . - pubmed

Desflurane preconditioning protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells against anoxia / reoxygenation by upregulating NLRP12 and inhibiting non - canonical nuclear factor - kappaB signaling . - pubmed

HUVECs were pre - conditioned with desflurane ( 1.0 MAC ) for 30 min , followed by a 15 - min washout , then exposed to 60 min anoxia and 60 min reoxygenation ( A / R ) , and incubated with 10 ng / ml tumor necrosis factor ( TNF )- alpha for 60 min . - pubmed

Desflurane preconditioning attenuated the effects of A / R and/or A / R plus TNF - alpha on cell viability , decreasing the levels of Smac and enhancing the levels of of cIAP1 ( P<0.05 ) . - pubmed

Preconditioning with desflurane also enhanced the mRNA levels of interleukin ( IL )- 10 and NLRP12 in the cells exposed to A / R by 2.40- and 2.16 - fold , respectively . - pubmed

Desflurane preconditioning enhanced HUVEC survival and protected the cells against A / R injury , and our results suggested that this process involved the upregulation of NLRP12 and the inhibition of non - canonical NF - kappaB signaling . - pubmed

This study aimed to establish the sequential static and static - dynamic supercritical carbon dioxide ( SDCO2 ) fractionation conditions to obtain a higher yield and desired chitosan with lower polydispersity index ( PDI ) and higher degree of deacetylation ( DD ) . - pubmed

Despite many studies on the effects of perinatal Bisphenol A ( BPA ) exposure on the brain , its effects on brain estrogen receptor ( ERalpha ) expression during puberty remain unclear . - pubmed

We used electrospray ionization - time of flight mass spectrometry to evaluate the degree of posttranslational modification of the entire HSA molecule that was associated with disease development and found that the fraction of Cys34 - cysteinylated HSA ( Cys - Cys34 - HSA ) , a major form of oxidative modification , varied substantially among the albumin preparations . - pubmed

These findings suggest that the Cys - Cys34 - HSA fraction , as estimated by electrospray ionization - time of flight mass spectrometry can be used as a predictive marker for the functional impairment of albumin preparations and that it would be preferable to use albumin preparations with higher contents of functionally effective albumin that correspond to a lower degree of cysteinylation of Cys34 in clinical practice . - pubmed

Pittsburgh sleep quality index ( PSQI ) , snore outcome survey ( SOS ) , epworth sleepiness score ( ESS ) , the lowest arterial oxygen saturation ( LSaO2 ) and AHI , time and ratio of slow wave sleep ( SWS ) stage and rapid eye movement ( REM ) stage were applied to comparing the curative effect between pre - operation and post - operation periods . - pubmed

BACKGROUND / AIM : There are controversial results regarding the relationship of serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D [ 25 ( OH ) D ] and ulcerative colitis ( UC ) activity . - pubmed

The alignment of SpA sequences enabled the clustering of several isoforms as a result of non - randomly distributed amino acid variations , located in two clusters of polymorphic sites in domains D to B and Xr ( a ) . - pubmed

In this report , the heterologous production of salicylate ( SA ) is the basis for metabolic extension to salicylate 2 - O - beta - d - glucoside ( SAG ) , a natural product implicated in plant - based defense mechanisms . - pubmed

When combined , SA and SAG production titers reached ~0.9g / L and ~2.5g / L , respectively . - pubmed

The SAG compound was then tested for anti - inflammatory properties relative to SA and acetylsalicylate ( aspirin ) . - pubmed

The risk for PD in these groups does not linearly increase with glucosylceramide ( GC ) accumulation or with acid beta - glucocerebrosidase ( GCase ) activity . - pubmed

Ambroxol hydrochloride , a pharmacological chaperone , which reduces endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) stress induced by accumulation of mutant misfolded GCase could serve as such an agent . - pubmed

A3F and A3 G are deoxycytidine deaminases that inhibit HIV-1 replication by inducing guanine - to - adenine hypermutation through deamination of cytosine to form uracil in minus - strand DNA . - pubmed

Using size exclusion chromatography , rotational anisotropy , and in vitro deamination assays , we demonstrate that A3F promotes A3 G deamination activity by forming an A3F / G hetero - oligomer in the absence of RNA which is more efficient at deaminating cytosines . - pubmed

After APOBEC3 enzymes are encapsidated into virions , they deaminate cytosines in minus - strand DNA , which forms promutagenic uracils that induce transition mutations or proviral DNA degradation . - pubmed

plantarum ST8Sh to represent a potential probiotic candidate , including survival in the presence of low levels of pH and high levels of ox bile , production of beta - galactosidase , bile salt deconjugation , high level of hydrophobicity , functional auto- and co - aggregation properties , and adhesion to cell lines . - pubmed

Lowering cAMP in cystic tissues through the inhibition of the type-2 vasopressin receptor ( V2R ) constitutes a validated strategy to reduce disease progression . - pubmed

Mambaquaretin-1 is a full antagonist of the V2R activation pathways studied : cAMP production , beta - arrestin interaction , and MAP kinase activity . - pubmed

Mambaquaretin-1 interacts selectively with the V2R through its first loop , in the same manner that aprotinin inhibits trypsin . - pubmed

Mambaquaretin-1 represents a promising therapeutic agent against PKDs . - pubmed

This data demonstrates that beta1 integrin is required for the maintenance of glucose homeostasis through postnatal beta - cell function and expansion . - pubmed

Genuine splenic artery aneurysm rupture treated by N - butyl cyanoacrylate and metallic coils under resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta . - pubmed

We used 3.9x10 - 4 - 0.1 % HD , PD or DD , 3.9x10 - 4 - 0.0125 % PD , 7.8x10 - 5 - 0.02 % PHMB or CH concentration for 24 h to determine viability ( Cell Proliferation Kit XTT ) , proliferation ( Cell Proliferation ELISA BrdU kit ) , and migration using wound healing assay . - pubmed

HCEC proliferation AUC , comparing PD with PHMB , CH , DD , HD ( p & lt;= 0.016 ; PD worse for all ) and keratocyte proliferation AUC , comparing PHMB with HD , PD ( p = 0.004 ; p = 0.002 ; PHMB better for both ) , CH with HD , PD ( p & lt;= 0.001 ; CH better for both ) and DD with PD ( p = 0.043 ; DD better ) differed significantly . - pubmed

Keratocyte migration AUC comparing PD with control , PHMB , CH , DD and HD differed significantly ( p & lt;= 0.012 ; PD worse for all ) . - pubmed

In conclusion , our findings revealed that selective loss of neuronal AR actions impacts the kisspeptin / GnRH / LH cascade leading to compromised ovarian follicle dynamics . - pubmed

AIMS : This study describes differences in the partial pressures of exhaled nitric oxide ( PeNO ) between subjects fully acclimatized ( ACC ) to 5300 m and those who have just arrived to high altitude . - pubmed

In addition , systolic pulmonary artery pressure ( sPAP ) and arterial oxygen saturation ( SaO2 ) were measured in all participants . - pubmed

RESULTS : PeNO levels on day 1 were significantly higher in the non - ACC versus ACC cohort ( 8.7 + - 3.5 vs. 3.9 + - 2.2 nmHg , p = 0.004 ) . - pubmed

As the non - ACC group remained at altitude , PeNO levels fell and were not different when compared with those of the ACC group by day 9 ( 5.9 + - 2.4 vs. 3.9 + - 2.2 nmHg , p = 0.095 ) . - pubmed

TNF - alpha , interleukin-1 ( IL-1 ) , adiponectin ( ADP ) , nitric oxide ( NO ) and total nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) levels were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) , myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) activity was determined by colorimetric method , superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) activity was determined by hydroxylamine method , malondialdehyde ( MDA ) was determined by thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method , and catalase ( CAT ) activity was determined by UV spectrophotometry method . - pubmed

The inflammatory reaction in pioglitazone intervention groups was significantly reduced , TNF - alpha and IL-1 levels in serum and myocardium of DM+PGZ 4 mg and 8 mg groups were significantly decreased as compared with those of DM group [ serum : TNF - alpha ( ng / L ) was 268.33 + -46.57 , 261.34 + -33.73 vs. 331.40 + -69.05 , myocardium : TNF - alpha ( ng / L ) was 144.72 + -26.90 , 139.59 + -14.59 vs. 177.48 + -27.40 ; serum : IL-1 ( ng / L ) was 24.40 + -2.56 , 23.35 + -3.13 vs. 30.08 + -5.44 , myocardium : IL-1 ( ng / L ) was 21.26 + -2.85 , 20.54 + -2.75 vs. 24.78 + -3.60 , all P & lt ; 0.05 ] , and ADP levels were significantly increased [ serum ( mug / L ): 19.64 + -8.85 , 20.54 + -7.47 vs. 15.45 + -3.06 , myocardium ( mug / L ): 10.31 + -2.22 , 11.49 + -3.42 vs. 7.76 + -1.77 , all P & lt ; 0.05 ] , and the mRNA expressions of TNF - alpha and TLR4 in myocardium were significantly decreased ( TNF - alpha mRNA : 0.15 + -0.05 , 0.14 + -0.06 vs. 0.25 + -0.09 ; TLR4 mRNA : 0.57 + -0.17 , 0.40 + -0.18 vs. 0.75 + -0.35 , all P & lt ; 0.05 ) . - pubmed

Compared with the DM group , SOD and NO levels in serum and myocardium were significantly increased in DM+PGZ 4 mg and 8 mg groups [ serum : SOD ( U / L ) was 571.39 + -40.85 , 609.28 + -54.47 vs. 535.10 + -37.08 , myocardium : SOD ( U / mg ) was 55.74 + -8.12 , 53.60 + -9.87 vs. 42.26 + -12.34 ; serum : NO ( mumol / L ) was 2.95 + -0.51 , 2.99 + -0.43 vs. 2.03 + -0.78 , myocardium : NO ( nmol / mg ) was 1.95 + -0.37 , 2.11 + -0.26 vs. 1.56 + -0.33 , all P & lt ; 0.05 ] , the serum MDA levels were significantly decreased ( mumol / L : 20.11 + -2.34 , 19.70 + -2.02 vs. 23.07 + -3.06 , both P & lt ; 0.05 ) , while no significant effect on CAT . - pubmed

CONCLUSIONS : 4 mgxkg-1xd-1 pioglitazone could activate PPARgamma - TLR4 - TNF - alpha targeted pathway , thus inhibit inflammatory and oxidative stress factors expression , and down - regulate hyperglycemia induced myocardium inflammatory and oxidative stress level , but the effect did not show a dose dependent manner . - pubmed

RuBisCO large subunit gene primers for assessing the CO2 - assimilating planktonic community structure in Jiaozhou Bay , China . - pubmed

The protein coding genes ( rbcL / cbbL / cbbM ) for RuBisCO large subunit , the most abundant protein on earth that drives biological CO2 fixation , were considered as useful marker genes in characterizing CO2 - assimilating plankton . - pubmed

In this study , six different rbcL / cbbL / cbbM primers were employed to screen clone libraries to identify CO2 - assimilating plankton in Jiaozhou Bay . - pubmed

Bay-11 - 7082 also inhibited LPS - induced increases of ROS and Nrf2 expression . - pubmed

Background : Bevacizumab is a recombinant humanised monoclonal antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor shown to improve survival in advanced solid cancers . - pubmed

BRAF mutation positivity trended towards better OS with bevacizumab ( P = 0.21 ) . - pubmed

BRAF mutation status may predict for poorer OS untreated and potential benefit from bevacizumab . - pubmed

The review presents general principles for choosing optimal conditions for ecdysteroid separation , identification , and isolation using HPLC / TLC techniques in RP , NP - HILIC or NP modes . - pubmed

Thus , comprehensive overview of MS spectral parameters of ecdysteroids is provided . - pubmed

Furthermore , the first two genes of the Leloir pathway for d - galactose catabolism - encoding d - galactose 1 - epimerase and galactokinase - are induced more rapidly by l - arabinose than by d - galactose eventhough deletion mutants thereof grow as well as a wild type strain on the pentose . - pubmed

d - Galactose 1 - epimerase is hyperinduced by l - arabinose , d - xylose and l - arabitol but not by xylitol . - pubmed

nidulans , l - arabinose and d - xylose - both requiring NADPH for their catabolisation - actively promote the enzyme infrastructure necessary to convert beta - d - galactopyranose via the Leloir pathway with its alpha - anomer specific enzymes , into beta - d - glucose-6 - phosphate ( the starting substrate of the oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway ) even in the absence of d - galactose . - pubmed

Different SDs of APG were prepared by microwave , melted and kneaded technology using pluronic - F127 ( PL ) as a carrier . - pubmed

Significant enhancement in the dissolution rate and oral absorption of APG from SD suggested that developed SD systems can be successfully used for oral drug delivery system of APG . - pubmed

In this study , we obtained unprecedented AFM images of the Na , K - ATPase ( NKA ) pump after being reconstituted into DPPC and DPPC : DPPE liposomes . - pubmed

AFM data suggest that DPPC - NKA proteoliposomes are also rightside - out protein orientated , where the protrusions have an average height of 2.1 nm , while for DPPC : DPPE - NKA proteoliposomes , the majority of the protein reconstituted should be inside - out orientated , where the protrusions ' average height is 0.5 nm . - pubmed

Materials and Methods : Bacteria were cultured on a Yersinia Selective Agar medium ( " CIN - agar " ) at 28 C for 24 h. The microorganisms were grown in meat - peptone broth with 1.0 % glucose to measure the absolute values of the optical density of the culture . - pubmed

The specimens were examined with stereoscopic microscopy " BIOMED MS-1 Stereo " ( Russia ) and scanning electron microscope " TM 3030 plus " ( Holland ) . - pubmed

Factors Associated with the Need for Insulin as a Complementary Treatment to Metformin in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus . - pubmed

Those treated with metformin were compared with those who , in addition to metformin , also needed the combination with insulin . - pubmed

Of these , 366 ( 77.05 % ) were submitted to single therapy with metformin , and 109 ( 22.94 % ) needed insulin as a complementary treatment . - pubmed

CONCLUSION : Obesity resulted in an increased chance of the mother needing insulin as a complementary treatment to metformin , while FG & lt ; 90 mg / dL and primiparity were protective factors . - pubmed

A large number of randomized clinical trials and metanalyses provided strong evidence about therapeutic strategies acting on glucose metabolism such as GLP-1 RA and SGLT2i and about lipid - lowering treatment such as PCSK9i and Icosapent Ethyl . - pubmed

Interestingly , the associations between infant 's fasting glucose at age 6 and MYL6 , MYH11 , TNNT3 , TPM2 , CXCL2 , and NCAM1 were still relevant after correcting for multiple testing . - pubmed

At first , a three - step , one - pot procedure was developed to obtain reproducibly piperazine-2,6 - diones with various substituents at the N - atoms in high yields . - pubmed

Transformation of a piperazine-2,6 - dione with 1,4 - dibromobut-2 - ene and 3 - halo-2 - halomethylprop-1 - enes provided 3,8 - diazabicyclo [ 3.2.1 ] octane-2,4 - dione and 3,9 - diazabicyclo [ 3.3.1 ] nonane-2,4 - dione with a vinyl group at the C2- or a methylene group at the C3 - bridge , respectively . - pubmed

Since bridging via sulfinylimines and the one - pot bridging with 3 - bromo-2 - bromomethylprop-1 - ene gave promising yields , these strategies will be exploited for the synthesis of novel receptor ligands bearing various substituents in a defined orientation at the carbon bridge . - pubmed

Their metabolic profiles were studied via HPLC - PDA - ESI - MS / MS and afforded a tentative characterization of 98 compounds , including free organic acids , phenolic acid derivatives , flavonoid aglycones , flavonoid glycosides , flavonoids containing 3 - hydroxyl-3 - methylglutaroyl ( HMG ) units , coumarin derivatives and limonoids . - pubmed

Column chromatography resulted in isolation of six metabolites for the first time that were identified as nobiletin ( C1 ) , isosinensetin ( C2 ) , limonin ( C3 ) , 4 '- demethylnobiletin ( C4 ) , stigmasterol - O - glucoside ( C5 ) and hesperidin ( C6 ) . - pubmed

In vitro studies of the anti - inflammatory activity of DCM - L against cyclooxygenases ( COXs ) and 5 - lipoxygenase ( 5 - LOX ) enzymes revealed that DCM - L showed higher activity than the other tested fractions . - pubmed

Anti - inflammatory therapy with canakinumab targeting the IL-1beta innate immunity pathway could significantly reduce the rate of recurrent cardiovascular events than placebo . - pubmed

Given the well - documented role of mTOR in inhibiting autophagy , our results hence support the hypothesis that the antiaging mechanism of TPM - based medicines might involve autophagy induction . - pubmed

These antisera are capable of binding 125I - labeled tubulin in homologous or heterologous combinations , demonstrating immunological similarity between the tubulins . - pubmed

Differences between the tubulins were further resolved by radioimmunoassays , comparing the ability of each of the tubulins to inhibit the binding of each 125I - labeled tubulin to each antiserum . - pubmed

The effectiveness of insulin diminished as the concentration of these agonists increased , but insulin was able to suppress by 40 % the stimulation by a maximally effective concentration of epinephrine ( 1 muM ) . - pubmed

The response to glucagon , epinephrine , or insulin was not dependent upon protein synthesis as cycloheximide did not alter their effects . - pubmed

Insulin also suppressed the stimulation by isoproterenol of cyclic GMP . - pubmed

These data are the first demonstration of insulin antagonism to the stimulation of gluconeogenesis by catecholamines . - pubmed

Insulin reduced cyclic AMP levels which had been elevated by low concentrations of glucagon or by 1 muM epinephrine . - pubmed

This supports the hypothesis that the action of insulin to inhibit gluconeogenesis is mediated by the lowering of cyclic AMP levels . - pubmed

However , evidence is presented which indicates that insulin is able to suppress the stimulation of gluconeogenesis by glucagon or epinephrine under conditions where either the agonists or insulin had no measurable effect on cyclic AMP levels . - pubmed

Insulin reduced the glucagon stimulation of gluconeogenesis whether or not extracellular Ca2 + were present , even though insulin only lowered cyclic AMP levels in their presence . - pubmed

Insulin also reduced the stimulation by epinephrine plus propranolol where no significant changes in cyclic AMP were observed without or with insulin . - pubmed

In addition , insulin suppressed gluconeogenesis in cells that had been preincubated with epinephrine for 20 min , even though the cyclic AMP levels had returned to near basal values and were unaffected by insulin . - pubmed

Thus insulin may not need to lower cyclic AMP levels in order to suppress gluconeogenesis . - pubmed

Oral dexamethasone ( 8 - 12 mg ) administered over an 8 - 48 h period prior to delivery does not significantly alter placental ACTH content . - pubmed

These results indicate that the potencies of the TRH analogs in inducing shaking parallel their thyrotropin - releasing activities . - pubmed

This indicates dityrosine structures in the radiation - induced collagen aggregates . - pubmed

The data also suggest that the EGF / PDGF cascade branches into mitogenic and oncogenic signals , the latter of which is required for soft agar growth and focus formation . - pubmed

The technique was then used to screen Fab lots for batch - to - batch consistency , and for examining the effect of 10 mM cysteine on papain cleavage of whole antibody . - pubmed

Protein kinase C activators PMA 4 - phorbol 12 - myristate 13 - acetate and DiC8 ( 1,2 - dioctanoyl - sn - glycerol ) also increased arachidonic acid release , but the time course observed with PMA was different from that of IL-1 . - pubmed

To examine the role of other kinases in IL-1 stimulated arachidonic acid release , cultures were treated with H-7 ( 1 -( 5 - isoquinolinesulphonyl )- 2 - methylpiperazine dichloride ) , H-8 ( N -[ 2 -( methylamino ) ethyl ]- 5 - isoquinolinesulphonamide dichloride ) , HA1004 ( N -( 2 - guanidoinoethyl )- 5 - isoquinolinesulphonamide hydrochloride ) , and staurosporine . - pubmed

IL-1 stimulation of arachidonic acid release was blocked by H-7 , H-8 and staurosporine . - pubmed

Addition of H-7 at various times following IL-1 decreased IL-1 stimulated arachidonic acid release , suggesting that continued protein kinase activity was necessary for IL-1 action . - pubmed

Cycloheximide and actinomycin D inhibited the stimulation of arachidonic acid release by IL-1 , PMA or DiC8 . - pubmed

The addition of cycloheximide or actinomycin D 15 - 45 min after IL-1 also inhibited IL-1 stimulated arachidonic acid release , indicating that continued protein synthesis was required for IL-1 action . - pubmed

These clones became unresponsive to Ag after exposure to anti - CD3 . - pubmed

When compared with the effect of enflurane on transmural nerve stimulation - induced responses , exposure to enflurane resulted in slight attenuation of the contractile responses caused by tyramine , suggesting that enflurane may inhibit the responses to tyramine by interfering with an interaction between released norepinephrine and postjunctional alpha 1 - adrenoceptors rather than with tyramine - induced norepinephrine release . - pubmed

Addition of Ca2 + and Sr2 + to Ca2 + -depleted cells in the presence of BK produced a transient increase in Ca2 +i and Sr2 + i . - pubmed

Addition of Ba2 + to Ca2 + -depleted cells in the presence of BK produced an increase in Ba2 + i which continued to rise with time to a steady level . - pubmed

The antigen DR2 was more frequent in highly sensitized ( group C ) than in moderately sensitized ( group B ) patients with P = 0.002 , not significant after correction for the number of investigated antigens . - pubmed

Through a cannula inserted into a lateral cerebral ventricle a solution with a normal ( CSF , 152 mmol l-1 ) or high ( NaCSF , 1,000 mmol l-1 ) sodium ion content was infused . - pubmed

In vitro steroid sensitivity and interleukin 2 synthesis in normal subjects . - pubmed

Polymeric actin was localized in the reticulopodia by rhodamine - phalloidin staining . - pubmed

Simultaneous application of KCN and salicylhydroxamic acid ( an alternative oxidase inhibitor ) rapidly blocked all movement , indicating that motility is dependent on metabolic energy and that an alternative oxidative pathway functions in allogromiids . - pubmed

These changes were not accompanied by any changes in plasma levels of calcitonin or parathyroid hormone . - pubmed

The SH mRNA contains a single open reading frame which encodes a polypeptide of 44 amino acids with a molecular weight of 5,012 . - pubmed

[ Cobamide composition of aminopterin - resistant " folatereductase " ] . - pubmed

Rehydration as a diagnostic and therapeutic measure in hypercalcemia including an assessment of the calcium - lowering effect of porcine calcitonin . - pubmed

Effects other than the direct interaction of Cr ( III ) with DNA are inferred , which can cause infidelity of the DNA polymerase functions . - pubmed

After 7 days there was no significant difference between the efficacy of the two drugs with respect to ' pain at rest ' , ' pain on movement ' , ' tenderness ' or ' sleep disturbance ' but fenoprofen was significantly better when considering ' limitation of movement ' and ' The physician 's assessment of the severity of the condition ' . - pubmed

Ibuprofen did not significantly improve ' pain at rest ' but did improve the other parameters . - pubmed

Over a period of 3 to 12 months significant reductions in serum LH levels , LH / FSH ratios and in plasma testosterone were observed . - pubmed

and a 5 % alcohol solution during four weeks evoked strong increments of the serum enzyme activities of the aminotransferases ( GOT , GPT ) and the sorbitol dehydrogenase ( SDH ) . - pubmed

In plasma , concentrations of leucine , isoleucine , valine and proline were higher in Group II in the absence of glucose intake , than in the other groups . - pubmed

Diethylstilbestrol ( DES ) reduces significantly the plasma levels of testosterone , follicle - stimulating hormone ( FSH ) and luteinizing hormone ( LH ) . - pubmed

In contrast , those of prolactin , dehydoepiandrosterone ( DHEA ) , and cortisol as well as sexual hormone binding globulin ( SHBG ) are elevated . - pubmed

The additional administration of bromocriptine decreases prolactin to normal levels and further decreases the testosterone levels . - pubmed

The addition of cyproterone acetate to the therapeutic regimen decreases the cortisol levels , and all other values , including SHBG , are not altered significantly compared to the group treated with DES plus bromocriptine . - pubmed

Integrated regulation of very low density lipoprotein triglyceride and apolipoprotein - B kinetics in non - insulin - dependent diabetes mellitus . - pubmed

Turnover rates of plasma very low density lipoprotein ( VLDL ) triglyceride ( TG ) and apolipoprotein - B ( apo - B ) were significantly increased in age- and weight - matched groups of normolipemic and hyperlipemic mild diabetics , and hyperlipemic moderately severe diabetics when compared with normolipemic controls . - pubmed

The increase in LDL and/or VLDL remnant formation , regardless of prevailing plasma lipid levels or the severity of diabetes , provides a source of cholesterol which may account for the atherogeneity of this disorder . - pubmed

Increased hypoxia has been found after beta 2 adrenoceptor agonists ( but not adrenaline ) in asthmatics . - pubmed

Both the steady - state plasma and CSF concentrations of clonidine were proportional to the dose ; the ratio of CSF to plasma concentration was approximately 0.5 . - pubmed

The failure to see any change in CSF composition , significant spinal cord pathology , or signs of tissue or organ toxicity emphasizes the safety of epidurally administered clonidine at infusion rates up to 320 micrograms / hr and at infusate concentrations up to 2 mg / ml . - pubmed

In addition , direct binding of N - CAM to chondroitin sulfate could be demonstrated . - pubmed

Binding of N - CAM to the immobilized neurocan core protein could be inhibited with all recombinant fragments containing chondroitin sulfate or major parts of the mucin - like central region of neurocan . - pubmed

The activity of nucleotidyl transferase that adds CCA nucleotides to the 3 ' end of tRNA was also observed . - pubmed

Two fluorogenic probes anneal to the target between primers for c - erbB-2 and beta - globin genes and contain both a reporter dye ( 6 - carboxy - fluorescein ) and a quencher dye ( 6 - carboxy - tetramethyl - rhodamine ) . - pubmed

During the extension phase of the PCR cycle , the 5'-->3 ' exonuclease activity of Taq polymerase cleaves the hybridized fluorogenic probe , resulting in an increase of fluorescence emission of the reporter dye that is quantitative for the amount of PCR product and , under appropriate conditions , for the amount of template . - pubmed

Transformation studies showed that an aminoglycoside resistance gene , aadB , is carried on a 6.0 - kb plasmid ( pRAY ) in a clinical isolate of Acinetobacter ( strain SUN ) . - pubmed

Diversity of the E2P phosphoforms of Na , K - ATPase . - pubmed

Role of the carboxyl - terminal lectin domain in self - association of galectin-3 . - pubmed

Previous experimental results suggest that , when bound to multivalent glycoconjugates , galectin-3 self - associates through intermolecular interactions involving the amino - terminal domain . - pubmed

This mode of self - association is inhibitable by the lectin 's saccharide ligands . - pubmed

In addition , biotinylated galectin-3 bound to galectin-3 immobilized on plastic surfaces and the binding could also be inhibited by various saccharide ligands of the lectin . - pubmed

A mutant with a tryptophan to leucine replacement in the carboxyl - terminal domain , which exhibited diminished carbohydrate - binding activity , did not bind to galectin-3C - Sepharose 4B. - pubmed

Furthermore , galectin-3C formed covalent homodimers when it was treated with a chemical cross - linker and the dimer formation was completely inhibited by lactose . - pubmed

Therefore , galectin-3 can self - associate through intermolecular interactions involving both the amino- and the carboxyl - terminal domains and the relative contribution of each depends on whether the lectin is bound to its saccharide ligands . - pubmed

We found that the region between amino acid 353 and 393 is critical for the proliferation signal and activation of STAT6 , but not for tyrosine phosphorylation of Jaks . - pubmed

Gadolinium chloride ( GC ) , a rare earth lanthanide , has been used in in vivo studies to abrogate macrophage function to understand their role in tissue pathology . - pubmed

Although alkaline agarose electrophoresis of specific SV40 fragments showed that oxaliplatin formed interstrand cross - links , the levels of this lesion type were low . - pubmed

Low chlorophyll affects light absorptance but is unlikely to change light partitioning between photosystems . - pubmed

Both the minor ( GH I ) and the major ( GH II ) forms of purified GH appeared as single bands ( M(r ) approximately 23,000 ) after sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis , as did the purified PRL ( M(r ) approximately 24,000 ) . - pubmed

Levodopa induces a cytoplasmic localization of D1 dopamine receptors in striatal neurons in Parkinson ' s disease . - pubmed

Mutations in the CNGB3 gene encoding the beta - subunit of the cone photoreceptor cGMP - gated channel are responsible for achromatopsia ( ACHM3 ) linked to chromosome 8q21 . - pubmed

Analysis of the extracts by gas chromatography - electron capture detector ( GC - ECD ) indicated that the herbicide trifluralin ( 2,6 - dinitro - N , N - dipropyl-4 - trifluoromethylaniline ) could be quantitatively extracted by using the SFE system proposed with small amounts of sample . - pubmed

After extraction of both lipoprotein ( a ) and low - density lipoprotein with glycerol prior to rotary shadowing , the protein components were observed to consist of a ring of density made up of nodules of different sizes , with apolipoprotein ( a ) and apolipoprotein B-100 closely associated with each other . - pubmed

However , when lipoprotein ( a ) was treated with a lysine analogue , 6 - aminohexanoic acid , much of the apolipoprotein ( a ) separated from the apolipoprotein B-100 . - pubmed

In 6 - aminohexanoic acid - treated preparations without glycerol extraction , lipoprotein ( a ) particles had an irregular mass of density around the core . - pubmed

In contrast , lipoprotein ( a ) particles treated with 6 - aminohexanoic acid in the presence of glycerol had a long tail , in which individual kringles could be distinguished , extending from the ring of apolipoprotein B-100 . - pubmed

As retinoids have been shown to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells , loss of the proposed SEC14L1 retinal - binding function may contribute to breast tumorigenesis . - pubmed

Recessively inherited mutations in the HFE gene are responsible for iron accumulation in most cases of hereditary haemochromatosis and may have a role in HCV infection . - pubmed

AIMS : To assess the prevalence of HFE mutations in Scottish HCV infected patients and to explore the effect of the carrier state on serum and liver iron stores , and the severity of liver disease . - pubmed

Iron markers were assessed in serum ( ferritin , transferrin saturation ) and on liver biopsy ( stainable iron , liver iron concentration ( LIC ) and hepatic iron index ) . - pubmed

Carriage of HFE mutations was not associated with any clinical , biochemical , virological , or pathological features , including accumulation of liver iron . - pubmed

Carriage of HFE mutations , although frequently observed in these HCV infected patients , does not have a role in the accumulation of iron or the progression of liver disease in HCV infection . - pubmed

The BLM gene has 4437 bp and encodes 1417 amino acids . - pubmed

Apoptotic and necrotic cells were determined using Annexin - V and propidium - iodide staining . - pubmed

To identify inhibitors of the intrinsic N - acetylated alpha - linked acidic dipeptidase ( NAALADase ) activity of prostate specific membrane antigen ( PSMA ) that may be useful for targeting imaging agents or chemotherapeutic drugs to disseminated prostate cancer , analogs of the tetrahedral transition state for hydrolysis of the natural substrate , N - acetylaspartylglutamate ( NAAG ) , were synthesized . - pubmed

We have identified nine compounds , including fluorescent and iodine - labeled conjugates , which inhibit NAALADase enzyme activity with IC(50)s at , or below , 120nM. - pubmed

[ Dehydrogenases of higher fatty acids in the isolated liver in normal and pancreatectomized animals ] . - pubmed

The initial step in the formation of these diacids , which is thought to be rate limiting , is omega - hydroxylation by a cytochrome P450 ( CYP ) monooxygenase . - pubmed

tropicalis ATCC 20336 contains a family of CYP genes , and when ATCC 20336 or its derivatives are exposed to oleic acid ( C(18:1 ) ) , two cytochrome P450s , CYP52A13 and CYP52A17 , are consistently strongly induced ( Craft et al . - pubmed

CYP52A13 preferentially oxidized oleic acid and other unsaturated acids to omega - hydroxy acids . - pubmed

CYP52A17 also oxidized oleic acid efficiently but converted shorter , saturated fatty acids such as myristic acid ( C(14:0 ) ) much more effectively . - pubmed

Both enzymes , in particular CYP52A17 , also oxidized omega - hydroxy fatty acids , ultimately generating the alpha , omega - diacid . - pubmed

Consideration of these different specificities and selectivities will help determine which enzymes to amplify in strains blocked for beta - oxidation to enhance the production of dicarboxylic acids . - pubmed

Proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were analyzed by cell counting , an MTT assay , alkaline phosphatase activity , and total protein content . - pubmed

CD14 - positive cells cultured in the presence of PSK significantly increased the expression of HLA class II antigen and CD40 ; significantly increased the number and expression of CD80- , CD86- and CD83 - positive cells ; decreased Fluorescein isothiocyanate ( FITC)-dextran uptake , augmented IL-12 production ; augmented the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction ; and induced antigen - specific cytotoxicity . - pubmed

We examined the SOD1 to GPX1 mRNA ratio in individual organs , as both enzymes form part of the body 's defense against oxidative stress , and because a disproportionate increase of SOD1 to GPX1 results in noxious hydroxyl radical damage . - pubmed

Comparative molecular field analysis and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis were performed on twenty five analogues of pimarane COX-2 inhibitor to optimize their cyclooxygenase-2 ( COX-2 ) selective anti - inflammatory activities . - pubmed

PE - induced phosphorylation of CREB was partially inhibited by Ro318220 and H89 , which were shown to be potent inhibitors of mitogen - and stress - activated protein kinase-1 ( MSK1 ) activation , implicating the involvement of this kinase in the response . - pubmed

In addition , inhibition of protein kinase A by RpcAMP reduced phosphorylation of CREB , suggesting that this pathway is also involved . - pubmed

An enhanced CBP / phospho - CREB complex formation was also observed , suggesting recruitment of CBP to phosphorylated CREB . - pubmed

BACKGROUND : HIV protease inhibitor ritonavir ( RTV ) is associated with many cardiovascular complications and causes vascular dysfunction through oxidative stress . - pubmed

RTV - treated arteries showed substantial reductions of eNOS mRNA by 77 % , eNOS protein by 72 % , and nitric oxide release by 37 % as compared with controls . - pubmed

The RTV plus curcumin - treated vessels showed substantial increases of eNOS and nitric oxide levels as compared with the RTV - treated vessels . - pubmed

Palladium - catalyzed one - pot synthesis of highly substituted furans by a three - component annulation reaction . - pubmed

Mechanism and influence factors of resonance light scattering ( RLS ) spectra of 4 -( 2 - pyridylazo )- resorcinol ( PAR ) aqueous solution were studied . - pubmed

The spectral feature of RLS is related to the absorption spectra of PAR . - pubmed

By a light polarization experiment , the RLS of PAR was demonstrated to be complete polarized light . - pubmed

Plasma RBP4 concentrations were found to be associated with sex , waist circumference , fasting plasma glucose , and insulin resistance . - pubmed

Of these , sex and fasting plasma glucose levels were found to be independent determinants of plasma RBP4 concentration . - pubmed

Serum samples were analyzed for adiponectin , inflammatory markers , and high density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL ) . - pubmed

RESULTS : Lipoatrophy was associated with higher triglycerides ( 330 vs 133 mg / dl , p = 0.0003 ) , lower HDL ( 33 vs 48 mg / dl , p = 0.02 ) , and a greater frequency of hypercholesterolemia ( total cholesterol & gt ; 200 mg / dl ; 64 % vs 23 % , p & lt ; 0.03 ) . - pubmed

Recent advances in this area indicate that glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of natural products have substrate flexibility regarding the sugar donor but also , less frequently , with respect to the aglycon acceptor . - pubmed

BACKGROUND : Real - time 3 - dimensional echocardiography ( RT3DE ) to visualize the coronary sinus ( CS ) was compared with multislice cardiac tomography ( MSCT ) . - pubmed

To assess the influence of temperature on calcium - triggered exocytosis , patch - clamp recordings of voltage - gated L - type Ca ( 2 + ) influx and exocytic membrane capacitance changes were performed at room ( 25 degrees C ) and physiological ( 35 - 37 degrees C ) temperatures . - pubmed

Immunohistochemistry of 1st and 3rd trimester placenta detected organic anion transporter 4 ( OAT4 ) and organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1 ( OATP2B1 , former name OATP - B ) in cytotrophoblast membranes and at the basal surface of the syncytiotrophoblast , indicating that both transporter polypeptides are involved in placental uptake of foetal derived steroid sulfates . - pubmed

In contrast , DHEA - S uptake was only highly increased in OAT4 ( 40 times ) , but only weakly enhanced in OATP2B1 cells . - pubmed

The uptake of DHEA - S and E ( 1 ) S by OAT4 was partly Na(+)-dependent ( about 50 % ) , whereas uptake of DHEA - S by OATP2B1 was Na(+)-independent . - pubmed

In contrast , the affinity of DHEA - S towards OATP2B1 was about 10 times lower ( K(m)>200microM ) then for OAT4 ( K(m)=29microM ) . - pubmed

OATP2B1 seems not to be involved in de novo synthesis of placental estrogens but may contribute to the clearance of estrogen sulfates from foetal circulation . - pubmed

Pharmacological subversion of the S1P rheostat is proving to be clinically efficacious in multiple sclerosis , and both the scope and limitations of therapeutic modulation of the S1P axis in immunotherapy are becoming clearer as understanding of the integrated chemical physiology of the S1P system emerges . - pubmed

Influence of solid - state acidity on the decomposition of sucrose in amorphous systems II ( effect of buffer ) . - pubmed

blazei intake did not suppress ACF development or crypt multiplicity induced by DMH . - pubmed

Because benzodiazepines and ethanol have similar effect signatures , it has been hypothesized that these drugs share the gamma2 - containing GABA ( A ) receptors as a mechanism of action . - pubmed

While baseline learning and memory were unaffected by reduction of gamma2 containing GABA ( A ) receptors , ethanol dose - dependently impaired spatial memory equally in gamma2 heterozygous knockouts and wild type littermate controls . - pubmed

For instance , acting as an intracellular iron carrier and protecting MMP9 from proteolytic degradation , NGAL has a clear pro - tumoral effect , as has already been observed in different tumors ( e.g. - pubmed

Apolipoprotein E - containing lipoproteins ( LpE ) are generated in the central nervous system by glial cells , primarily astrocytes , and are recognized as key players in lipid metabolism and transport in the brain . - pubmed

Interestingly , a number of studies have also demonstrated that manipulating GR function with both agonists and antagonists has an antidepressant effect , and indeed that other drugs targeting the HPA axis and cortisol secretion - even drugs with opposite effects on the HPA axis - have antidepressant effects . - pubmed

Nicotine 's effect on hyperexcitability of inflamed neurons was blocked in the presence of an alpha ( 7 )- nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ( nAChR ) antagonist , methyllicaconitine , while choline , the alpha ( 7 )- nAChR agonist , induced a similar effect to that of nicotine . - pubmed

An almost fourfold increase in shelf life ( ~196 h ) was observed at the GA - predicted optimum ( protein concentration : 6.49 mg / ml , storage temperature : 20.8 C , Glycerol : 10.02 % , NaCl : 51.65 mM and pH : 8.2 ) . - pubmed

Changes in hormones , including testosterone , estrogen , cortisol , vasopressin , and prolactin , during the postpartum period in fathers may be biological risk factors in paternal PPD . - pubmed

Langmuir - Blodgett films were prepared by transferring the monolayers onto silica substrates and were subsequently analyzed by atomic force microscopy ( AFM ) . - pubmed

Here , through in situ high - resolution transmission electron microscopy ( HRTEM ) observations , we show that ( 1 ) in sharp contrast to what happens in bulk materials , in which plasticity is mediated by dislocation emission from Frank - Read sources and multiplication , partial dislocations emitted from free surfaces dominate the deformation of gold ( Au ) nanocrystals ; ( 2 ) the crystallographic orientation ( Schmid factor ) is not the only factor in determining the deformation mechanism of nanometre - sized Au ; and ( 3 ) the Au nanocrystal exhibits a phase transformation from a face - centered cubic to a body - centered tetragonal structure after failure . - pubmed

The Endo - F2 and Endo - F3 were efficient for transferring both sialylated and asia - lylated glycans and were highly specific for an alpha-1,6 - fucosylated GlcNAc - peptide as acceptor for transglycosylation , showing only marginal activity with non - fucosylated GlcNAc - peptides . - pubmed

In contrast , we found that the commonly used endoglycosidases such as Endo - A and Endo - M , which belong to GH family 85 , were unable to take alpha-1,6 - fucosyl - GlcNAc derivative as acceptors for transglycosylation . - pubmed

The novel activity of Endo - F2 and Endo - F3 was successfully applied for a highly convergent chemoenzymatic synthesis of a full - sized CD52 glycopeptide antigen carrying both terminal sialic acid and core fucose . - pubmed

This is the first report on endoglycosidases that are able to glycosylate alpha-1,6 - fucosylated GlcNAc derivatives to form natural core - fucosylated glycopeptides . - pubmed

The roles of their many potential receptors and/or binding proteins have been more difficult to assess at the genetic level due to the complexity of membrane interactions with these large proteins , but roles for MuSK - LRP4 in agrin signaling and for integrins , dystroglycan , and voltage - gated calcium channels in laminin - dependent phenotypes have been identified . - pubmed

The C allele rs2470152 was significantly associated with increased risk of vertebral fractures ( P = 0.04 ) , whereas none of the CYP19 polymorphisms showed differences in sex steroid levels between subjects with and without fractures . - pubmed

Platelet adenosine diphosphate receptor antagonists : ticlopidine to ticagrelor - a long continuing journey . - pubmed

Platelet adenosine diphosphate ( ADP ) receptor antagonists ( ticlopidine , clopidogrel , prasugrel , and ticagrelor ) are a major advance in the treatment of atherothrombotic diseases , especially acute coronary syndromes ( ACS ) . - pubmed

Ticagrelor is the latest non - thienopyridine ADP receptor blocker that is potent , effective , reversible , and relatively safer as compared to clopidogrel . - pubmed

We have earlier shown that stimulation of endothelin B receptors by IRL-1620 provides significant neuroprotection at 24h following cerebral ischemia . - pubmed

This study was designed to determine the effect of IRL-1620 on neurological functions , infarct volume , oxidative stress , and endothelin receptors following permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion for 7 days . - pubmed

All effects of IRL-1620 were blocked by endothelin B receptor antagonist , BQ788 . - pubmed

By promoting cellular cholesterol efflux in a cell autonomous manner and through its ability to enhance HDL function in hyperlipidemic plasma , apoE is now known to suppress atherosclerosis by controlling myeloid cell proliferation , monocyte activation and their capacity to infiltrate the vascular wall . - pubmed

Curcumin neither suppressed p53 mRNA transcription nor protected tumor cells against cisplatin cytotoxicity . - pubmed

Matrix metalloproteinase-1 ( MMP-1 ) is a member of the family of zinc - dependent endopeptidases that are capable of degrading extracellular matrix ( ECM ) and certain non - matrix proteins . - pubmed

The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of BMs in the pre- and post - docetaxel era in a single institution in which all oncological patients are referred to one Radiotherapy and one Medical Oncology Department . - pubmed

The year of the introduction of docetaxel into clinical practice ( 2002 ) divided the observation period into two 9 - year periods : period 1 ( P1 ) from 1994 until 2002 ( P1 ) , and period 2 ( P2 ) after 2002 . - pubmed

The plasma DOX measurements were performed by high - performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection , and the CKMB levels were assayed using the CKMB Labtest kit . - pubmed

Serum CKMB activity increased after conventional DOX administration but was unchanged in the DOX - ME group . - pubmed

Upon addition of Pb ( 2 + ) , it could specifically bind to its aptamer to form Pb ( 2 +)-stablized G - quadruplex and induce the aptamer strand to release from the electrode surface into solution , accompanied by the release of intercalated MB responsible for significant signal reduction . - pubmed

Between - group analysis did not reveal any differences except in the ratio of malondialdehyde ( MDA)-LDL over apolipoprotein B-100 ( MDA - LDL / apoB ) in pitavastatin vs. atorvastatin group ( -13 % vs. -0.7 % , p = 0.04 ) . - pubmed

Within - group changes from baseline to 12 - week revealed significant increases in OxPL / apoB and reductions in small - dense LDL , MDA - LDL , and lipoprotein - associated phospholipase A ( 2 ) measured on circulating apoB particles ( Lp - PLA(2)/apoB ) in both groups and significant reductions in OxPL / apoAI in the atorvastatin group . - pubmed

The determination of ETU and PTU was performed by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection ( HPLC / DAD ) or by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection ( GC / MS ) . - pubmed

The vls system alters the sequence of the expressed antigen by recombining gene fragments from unexpressed but divergent ' cassettes ' into the expression site , vlsE. - pubmed

Using the Ion Torrent PGM sequencer , we have analyzed a cohort of 297 unrelated Omani cases and reliably identified mutations in the beta - globin ( HBB ) gene . - pubmed

Nicotine exposure increases the complexity of dopamine neurons in the parainterfascicular nucleus ( PIF ) sub - region of VTA . - pubmed

BACKGROUND : Recent publications highlight differences within the sub - regions of the ventral tegmental area ( VTA ) including the parabrachial pigmented nucleus ( PBP ) , parainterfascicular nucleus ( PIF ) and paranigral nucleus ( PN ) in the projections to the prefrontal cortex ( PFC ) and the glutamatergic pathway . - pubmed

RESULTS : Our results have shown that the local field potentials corresponding to the neurons located in the PIF region of the VTA have ApEn values significantly higher ( p = 2x10 - 4 ) in the maternal nicotine cases when compared to the saline . - pubmed

CONCLUSION : Therefore , we speculate that the dopamine neurons located in the PIF sub - region of the VTA are very likely involved with the nicotine addiction . - pubmed

INTRODUCTION : Extracellular adenosine triphosphate ( ATP ) stimulates vasodilation by binding to endothelial ATP - selective P2Y2 receptors ; a phenomenon , which is posited to be accelerated during exercise . - pubmed

CONCLUSIONS : Oral ATP administration can increase post - exercise blood flow , and may be particularly effective during exercise recovery . - pubmed

The method was further used to assess the kinetics of hyperpolarized pyruvate - lactate exchange acquired in vitro in whole blood and to re - analyze the previously published in vitro reaction of hyperpolarized ( 15 ) N choline with choline kinase . - pubmed

Secondary outcomes included admission and duration of stay in the intensive care unit ( ICU ) , ventilation assistance , time to short - acting beta2 - agonists spaced at four hours or longer , supplemental asthma therapy , duration of supplemental oxygen , change from baseline in asthma severity , relapse after discharge , adverse health effects and withdrawals . - pubmed

Here we identify USP7 as a novel interacting protein of the oligonucleotide / oligosaccharide - binding fold of TPP1 , which was previously known to recruit telomerase to telomeres . - pubmed

We identify amino acids in TPP1 and USP7 that are critical for their interaction and multiple lysines within TPP1 that are oligo - ubiquitinated and deubiquitinated by USP7 . - pubmed

Lectins are proteins able to recognize carbohydrates , without modifying their structure , via the carbohydrate - recognition domain ( CRD ) . - pubmed

Endothelium - derived relaxant factors , extracellular calcium ( Ca ( 2 +) e ) and muscarinic receptors were also evaluated as putative participants in the CRLI relaxant effect . - pubmed

CRLI relaxant effect was blocked by L - NAME , a nonselective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , and partially inhibited in a calcium - free solution ( 0Ca ) and by atropine , but it remained unchanged in the presence of indomethacin and TEA . - pubmed

In summary , our data suggest interaction between CRLI and muscarinic receptors located in vascular endothelial cells leading to NOS activation triggered by a mechanism that involves Ca ( 2 +) e along with the ability of CRLI to interact with heparan sulfate , a highly rated mechanoreceptor involved in eNOS activation . - pubmed

Films prepared from CNF processed after pretreatment with urea - containing microemulsions presented a more uniform fiber network and produced films with smoother surfaces compared to those based on ethylenediamine . - pubmed

This effect was inhibited either by antagonists of alpha7 - nAChRs , such as methyllycaconitine and alpha - cobratoxin , or by blocking SK - type calcium - activated potassium ( KCa ) channels with apamin or blocking intraterminal ryanodine receptors with ryanodine . - pubmed

First , the course of activation of the mTOR signaling pathway in PTZ - induced SE was examined to determine the time - point of peak activity , as reflected by phopshorylated ( p)-mTOR / mTOR and p - S6 / S6 ratios . - pubmed

Subsequently , pioglitazone was administrated intragastrically to investigate its effect on the mTOR signaling pathway , through western blot and immunochemical analyses . - pubmed

Compared with the vehicle treated - SE group , pretreatment with pioglitazone was associated with the loss of fewer neurons , lower levels of IL-1beta and IL-6 , and inhibition of the activation of the mTOR signaling pathway . - pubmed

Muscle glycogen , serum inflammatory cytokines , aspartic aminotransferase ( AST ) , alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ) , creatinine ( CRE ) , white blood cell ( WBC ) , neutrophil ( NEUT ) , red blood cell ( RBC ) , and hemoglobin ( HGB ) were measured . - pubmed

Consistent with the behavioral data , BST204 markedly increased muscle glycogen activity and concentrations of WBC , NEUT , RBC , and HGB . - pubmed

Also , tumor necrosis factor - alpha ( TNF - alpha ) and interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , AST , ALT , and CRE levels in the serum were significantly reduced in the BST204 - treated group compared to the control group . - pubmed

We designed an 18 - residue hybrid peptide ( PapMA ) incorporating N - terminal residues 1 - 8 of papiliocin and N - terminal residues 4 - 12 of magainin 2 , joined by a proline ( Pro ) hinge . - pubmed

Nuclear magnetic resonance experiments revealed that PapMA contained an N - terminal alpha - helix from Lys(3 ) to Lys(7 ) and a C - terminal alpha - helix from Lys(10 ) to Lys(17 ) , with a Pro(9 ) hinge between them . - pubmed

OBJECTIVE : In this study , nano - biocomposite composed of poly ( lactide - co - glycolide ) ( PLGA ) and chitosan ( CS ) were electrospun through a single nozzle by dispersing the CS nano - powders in PLGA solution . - pubmed

MATERIALS AND METHODS : In this experimental study , the PLGA / CS scaffolds were prepared at the different ratios of 90/10 , 80/20 , and 70/30 ( w / w ) % . - pubmed

RESULTS : H - ADSCs seeded on the matrices indicated that the PLGA / CS composite matrix with aligned nanofibres and higher content of CS nano - powders gave significantly better performance than others in terms of cell adhesion and proliferation rate ( P<0.05 ) . - pubmed

RESULTS : The results indicated that minocycline inhibited inflammation , decreased the expression of interleukin-1beta , tumor necrosis factor - alpha , and metalloproteinase - 9 , and squamous metaplasia features such as hyperproliferation and abnormal epidermal differentiation of conjunctival epithelium . - pubmed

Statistical analyses were performed using Plink and R. RESULTS : VKORC1 and CYP2C9 were the major genetic determinants of warfarin MWD and SMWD , with CYP4F2 having a smaller effect . - pubmed

Genotypes for VKORC1 and CYP2C9 * 3 , age , height and weight , as well as other clinical factors such as alcohol consumption , loading dose and concomitant drugs were important for the initial INR response to warfarin . - pubmed

VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genetic polymorphisms are the most important determinants of warfarin dosing , and it is highly unlikely that other common variants of clinical importance influencing warfarin dosage will be found . - pubmed

Both VKORC1 and CYP2C9 * 3 are important determinants of the initial INR response to warfarin . - pubmed

Cell blood count was assessed by sysmex system , serum iron and total iron binding capacity was measured by standard laboratory kit and for ferritin ELISA kit was utilized . - pubmed

NOX5 protein , one of the most active generators of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) , plays an important role in many processes , including regulation of cell growth , death and differentiation . - pubmed

Contrary to other members of NADPH - oxidases family , NOX5 has its own regulatory calcium - binding domain and thus could be activated directly by calcium ions . - pubmed

In the present study using calorimetric methods and circular dichroism we found that oxidation of cysteine and methionine residues of NOX5 decreases binding of Ca2 + ions and perturbs both secondary and tertiary structure of protein . - pubmed

Our data strongly suggest that oxidation of calcium - binding domain of NOX5 could be implicated in its inactivation , serving as a possible defense mechanism against oxidative stress . - pubmed

Phosphatidic Acid Produced by RalA - activated PLD2 Stimulates Caveolae - mediated Endocytosis and Trafficking in Endothelial Cells . - pubmed

PLD2 was shown to be activated by RalA , and inhibition of PLD2 abolished Alexa-488 - BSA uptake , indicating that phosphatidic acid ( PA ) generated by PLD2 may facilitate caveolae - mediated endocytosis . - pubmed

Thus , our results suggest that the small GTPase RalA plays an important role in promoting invagination and trafficking of caveolae , not by potentiating the association between Cav-1 and FilA but by stimulating PLD2 - mediated generation of phosphatidic acid . - pubmed

Nodulation , nodule development and senescence directly affects nitrogen fixation efficiency , and previous studies have shown that inhibition of some cysteine proteases delay nodule senescence , so their nature inhibitors , cystatin genes , are very important in nodulation , nodule development , and senescence . - pubmed

On day three after seeding , the most apparent vinculin - containing focal adhesion plaques were also found on samples with higher concentrations of chromium . - pubmed

On the other hand , the expression of type I collagen and alkaline phosphatase at the mRNA and protein level was the highest on Cr - DLC samples with a lower concentration of Cr ( 0 - 1.8 at.% ) . - pubmed

The effects were assessed by comparing control and impact sites ( i ) on the composition of bacterial communities ; ( ii ) on the abundance of twelve antibiotic resistance genes ( ARGs ) encoding resistance to beta - lactams , fluoroquinolones , sulphonamides , tetracyclines , macrolides and vancomycin , as well as the class 1 integron - integrase gene ( intI1 ) ; ( iii ) on the occurrence of wastewater - associated bacteria , including putative pathogens , and their potential linkage to target ARGs . - pubmed

In this study , a DNA sample ( at 1 ng DNA target input in triplicate ) was spiked with five concentrations of five inhibitors ( humic acid , melanin , hematin , collagen , and calcium ) and sequenced with both the HID - Ion AmpliSeq Library Kit and ID panel on the Ion PGM System and the ForenSeq DNA Signature Prep Kit on the MiSeq FGx . - pubmed

The HID - Ion AmpliSeq Library Kit and ID panel and the ForenSeq DNA Signature Prep Kit both were susceptible to humic acid , melanin , and collagen ; however , the ForenSeq kit showed greater inhibition to melanin and collagen than the AmpliSeq kit . - pubmed

Because of reduced CF ASL volumes , CF mucus concentrations increased and produced a greater dependence of ASL volume regulation on cilia - mucus - ATP release interactions in CF than NL epithelial nodules . - pubmed

Similarly , the CF model was less tolerant to evaporation induced ASL volume reduction at all ATP release rates than the NL model . - pubmed

Previous studies indicate that genes GGT1 and HNF1A may contribute to the abnormal glucose metabolism and altered lipid profile that are important clinical features of PCOS . - pubmed

Our main outcome measures were the prevalence of major metabolic complications of acromegaly ( diabetes , hypertension , low - density lipoprotein cholesterol , triglycerides ) at diagnosis and last follow - up in comparison with French epidemiological data . - pubmed

Unlike FTR , FDR contains a rubredoxin [ 1Fe-0S ] center postulated to mediate electron transfer from ferredoxin to the active - site [ 4Fe-4S ] cluster . - pubmed

UV - visible , EPR , and Mossbauer spectroscopic data indicated that two - electron reduction of the active - site disulfide in FDR involves a one - electron - reduced [ 4Fe-4S]1 + intermediate previously hypothesized for FTR . - pubmed

Our results support a role for an active - site tyrosine in FDR that occupies the equivalent position of an essential histidine in the active site of FTR . - pubmed

At baseline and 4 h , middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity ( MCAv ) and CO2 reactivity ( CVR ) of the MCA and carotid artery were measured using transcranial Doppler ( TCD ) and duplex ultrasound , respectively . - pubmed

The groups were organized as Group I ( control ) , Group II ( malathion ) and Group III ( malathion + lipid emulsion treatment ) . - pubmed

RESULTS : A decrease of PAS positive staining cells , and an increase of liver enzymes , formation of degenerative changes and apoptotic cell deaths occurred in the malathion group . - pubmed

Within this context , high - rate activated sludge ( HRAS ) is the most promising alternative technology to redirect carbon ( organic compounds ) towards energy as biogas . - pubmed

However , the protective effects of Salvianic acid A and Danshen granule on Tat - induced neurotoxicity remain unknown . - pubmed

Here , we found that Salvianic acid A and Danshen granule remarkable inhibited Tat - induced cell death , blocked LDH release and rescued dendritic spine loss . - pubmed

Furthermore , Salvianic acid A and Danshen granule significantly ameliorates Tat - induced intracellular ROS and MDA production , attenuates cell apoptosis . - pubmed

In addition , Salvianic acid A and Danshen granule pretreatment obviously increases antioxidant enzymatic activity of CAT , SOD and GSH - Px and inhibits apoptotic pathways . - pubmed

In conclusion , this study demonstrated that Salvianic acid A and Danshen granule provides substantial neuroprotection against Tat - induced neurotoxicity , which may be new therapeutic agent in Tat induced HAND or neurodegenerative diseases . - pubmed

Fisetin decreased the expression of multiple signaling proteins ( beta - catenin , NF - kappaB , EGFR , STAT-3 ) acting upstream to EMT and known to be involved in induction and maintenance of mesenchymal phenotype , which may explain the observed effects . - pubmed

Overall , our study suggested the ability of fisetin to serve as a potential therapeutic agent on its capacity to attenuate the EMT program and inhibit migration , invasion and stem cell phenotype of lung cancer cells . - pubmed

To date , researchers have found that some chloroplast proteins have Ca2 + -binding sites , and the structure and function of some of these proteins have been discussed in detail . - pubmed

We have shown a role for ARNT / HIF1beta in glucose sensing and insulin secretion in vitro and no defects in in vivo glucose homeostasis . - pubmed

The effects of the HF diet rescued insulin secretion in fl / fl / Cre islets could be reproduced by treating low fat diet fed fl / fl / Cre islets with the lipid signalling molecule 1 - monoacylglcyerol . - pubmed

This suggests that the defects seen in low fat diet fed fl / fl / Cre islet insulin secretion involves lipid signalling molecules . - pubmed

A multifunctional nanoparticle was simply synthesized by mixing a TICT + AIE featured molecule ( TPAPP - CHO ) with PBS solution . - pubmed

[ IgA vasculitis with massive hemorrhage from the jejunum after steroid administration ] . - pubmed

Importantly , the diameters and surface charges of the FNPs changed dramatically after 2 h of post - treatment using 0.4 M hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2 ) as the oxidant , indicating that the FNPs were highly ROS - sensitive . - pubmed

In this Viewpoint , we review the state - of - the art of PET imaging with radiotracers that target the GABAA - benzodiazepine receptor complex , challenges and opportunities for imaging GABAB receptors and GABA transporters , and highlight an ongoing need to develop more sensitive radiotracers for imaging GABA release in the central nervous system . - pubmed

After 4 weeks of treatment , cinacalcet significantly decreased the oxidized albumin ratio which is a ratio of reduced and oxidized forms of HSA via increasing reduced form of HSA . - pubmed

In conclusion , cinacalcet improves the redox status of HSA by inhibiting PTH production and partially by its radical scavenging action . - pubmed

Overall , this study demonstrates the effectiveness of 3D printed tacrolimus suppositories to ameliorate colitis and highlights the utility of non - invasive PET / CT imaging to evaluate new therapies in the preclinical area . - pubmed

The proportion of statins , aspirin , clopidogrel , angiotensin - converting enzyme inhibitors / angiotensin II receptor blockers ( ACEI / ARB ) , and beta - blocker used at admission was 88.8 % , 86.9 % , 84.6 % , 51.7 % , and 61.4 % , respectively . - pubmed

fermentum 111 , to remove aflatoxin M1 ( AFM1 ) from a phosphate buffer solution ( PBS ; spiked with 0.15 microg / mL AFM1 ) . - pubmed

Levels of AFM1 in PBS were measured with high - performance liquid chromatography . - pubmed

Viable and non - viable cells of all examined isolates were capable of removing AFM1 in PBS with removal percentage values in the range of 73.9 - 80.0 % and 72.9 - 78.7 % , respectively . - pubmed

Since the historical use of gonadotrophin and estradiol levels to define the different anovulatory disorders has shown some limitations , the use of other markers such as anti - mullerian hormone ( AMH ) has been proposed . - pubmed

Effects of Sr2 + and Mg2 + on the phospholipase A and the presynaptic neuromuscular blocking actions of beta - bungarotoxin , crotoxin and taipoxin . - pubmed

The antitumor effects in vivo of rhIL-6 appear to be mediated indirectly as rhIL-6 had no effect on proliferation of LLC cells in vitro as assessed by colony and 3H - thymidine incorporation assays . - pubmed

Phorbol myristate acetate ( PMA ; 20 - 100 ng / ml ) triggered only acetyltransferase activation , without concomitant lyso - paf ( 1 - O - alkyl - sn - glycero-3 - phosphocholine ) and paf formation . - pubmed

A low concentration of PMA ( 5 ng / ml ) potentiated antigen - induced degranulation , acetyltransferase activation and paf formation by about 30 % but did not change the level of lyso - paf formation . - pubmed

Overnight treatment of mast cells with PMA ( 200 ng / ml ) caused disappearance of protein kinase C ( PKC ) from both cytosol and membranes . - pubmed

The PKC inhibitors chlorpromazine and staurosporine inhibited to a significant extent both cell degranulation and all steps leading to paf biosynthesis . - pubmed

The PKC - dependent signal directly generated by PMA or diacylglycerol is not sufficient to trigger the full cell response , which is obtained only through receptor - operated antigen challenge . - pubmed

Inhibition of cyclo - oxygenase with indomethacin , aspirin or meclofenamate abolished the vasoconstrictor effect of bradykinin , showing that a member of the arachidonic acid cascade may be involved . - pubmed

The endoperoxide H2 / thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist SQ 29548 significantly reduced the vasoconstrictor effect of bradykinin , but did not affect the vasoconstrictor response to noradrenaline , adrenaline , vasopressin , 5 - hydroxytryptamine or prostaglandins . - pubmed

We isolated and characterized a rat neutrophil defensin , RatNP-2 , that differs from the previously described defensin RatNP-1 by containing Ser-7 in place of Arg-7 . - pubmed

A study was made of the number of pulmonary endocrine cells , immunoreactive for gastrin - releasing peptide ( bombesin ) or calcitonin , in the terminal bronchioles of 39 cases of pulmonary vascular disease . - pubmed

Proliferating cells arrested at the G1 - S boundary by exposure to cytosine arabinoside showed an increased PCNA immunofluorescence as compared to unstimulated cells . - pubmed

However , the physiological phase consists of the activation of a KCl + NaCl carrier , while the Na + in turn is pumped out by Na +- K + ATPase , with a resultant net accumulation of KCl . - pubmed

, antigens seen in the context of self - class I molecules . - pubmed

[ Triglyceride and low - density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL - C ) levels in a population of men aged 35 - 54 years from 8 industrial plants in Wroclaw ] . - pubmed

Heptachlor and chlordane also caused only partial inhibition of oxidation , but were more toxic with cell - free extract nitrite oxidase . - pubmed

Differential response patterns to MAO inhibitors and tricyclics . - pubmed

We found a linear negative correlation ( P less than 0.001 ) between the amount of LDL cholesterol in the incubation solution and prostaglandin I2 synthetase activity , whereas there was a positive correlation ( P less than 0.01 ) between HDL cholesterol and prostaglandin I2 synthesis . - pubmed

A very low concentration of LDL cholesterol and a high concentration of HDL cholesterol stimulated prostaglandin I2 synthesis , whereas a high LDL cholesterol concentration inhibited prostaglandin I2 biosynthesis by 64 % . - pubmed

The concentration range of LDL and HDL cholesterol was representative of physiologically low , normal or elevated levels of lipoproteins . - pubmed

The examinations included measurements of erythrocyte count , hematocrit , mean corpuscular volume ( MCV ) , blood and urine lead concentrations , urine coproporphyrin and delta - aminolevulinic acid , membrane cholesterol ( CHO ) and phospholipids ( PL ) , total and free CHO in plasma , and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase ( LCAT ) activity in plasma . - pubmed

But no significant difference was observed in total CHO in plasma , erythrocyte count , hematocrit , MCV , and LCAT activity between both groups . - pubmed

We proved that ( 1 ) elevated pulmonary arteriolar resistance ( PAR ) is not related to pulmonary blood flow and volume , pleural pressure , arterial oxygen or carbon dioxide tension and pH , left ventricular filling pressure and function ; ( 2 ) systemic vascular resistance ( SVR ) significantly correlates with PAR ; ( 3 ) calcium - channel blockade with nifedipine reduces systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures toward normal and significantly lowers both SVR and PAR ; ( 4 ) the percent decrease in vascular resistance after nifedipine is related to the baseline level of resistance in both the greater and the lesser circulations . - pubmed

Formic acid pretreatment markedly enhanced the reactivity to anti - IAPP8 - 17 antibody ; however , it failed to show the reactivity to anti - N - terminal and C - terminal flanking peptide antibodies . - pubmed

Formic acid pretreatment of pancreatic tissue sections prepared for immunostaining is useful for visualization of buried epitopes of mature IAPP and its precursor molecules , either in islet amyloid deposits or in the islet cells . - pubmed

At high loadings the specific activity of immobilized whole antibody was lower for the large antigen than for the small hapten , whereas no effect of hapten size on n was evident for either immobilized Fab ' or Fv fragments . - pubmed

There was a significant reduction in serum insulin levels and glucose clearance rates without overt diabetes for 30 Gy and 35 Gy ( p & lt ; 0.05 ) . - pubmed

The concentrations of VPA in plasma ( Css for total and C(uss ) for unbound drug ) and various tissues ( CT ) were determined . - pubmed

Nuclease stability as dominant factor in the antiviral activity of oligonucleotides directed against HSV-1 IE110 . - pubmed

A minimal protection strategy , consisting of end - capping and pyrimidine protection , has proven to be particularly useful , because it not only yields nuclease - resistant oligonucleotides but also minimizes non - sequence - specific effects . - pubmed

However , there was loss of circadian variation in serum cortisol concentrations and administration of high - dose oral dexamethasone was followed by a marked and reproducible rise in both ACTH and cortisol . - pubmed

A good histologic response , an LDH baseline value within the normal range , and the use of high - dose MTX were positive predictive factors for DFS . - pubmed

CONCLUSIONS : In non - metastatic osteosarcoma of the extremity , chemotherapy - induced tumor necrosis , the baseline LDH serum value and the use of HDMTX are significant predictive factors for DFS . - pubmed

Adaptation of gamma - aminobutyric acid type A receptors to alcohol exposure : studies with stably transfected cells . - pubmed

We studied the adaptation of gamma - aminobutyric acid type A ( GABAA ) receptor function to chronic ethanol exposure in cells stably transfected with the following GABAA receptor subunits : alpha-1 beta-2 gamma-2L , alpha-1 beta-2 gamma-2S , alpha-1 beta-3 gamma-2S , alpha-1 beta-1 , alpha-5 beta-3 gamma-3 and alpha-6 beta-3 gamma-2S. - pubmed

Direct activation of the GABAA receptor by pentobarbital was enhanced by chronic ethanol treatment . - pubmed

Chronic ethanol exposure produced a reduction in the Emax value for the action of muscimol for all six subunit combinations , but quantification of surface receptors by immunolabeling showed no change in GABAA receptor density . - pubmed

The differences in alcohol sensitivity and time courses for different effects of ethanol indicate multiple mechanisms of adaptation of GABAA receptors . - pubmed

Since glutamate reuptake is the primary mechanism for controlling extracellular glutamate levels , the present study was conducted to examine whether chronic neuroleptic exposure alters gene expression for the glutamate transporter GLT-1 in the striatum . - pubmed

Although both haloperidol and clozapine treatment for 30 days significantly decreased GLT-1 expression from normal , the effects of haloperidol treatment were consistently , and in the dorsal striatum , significantly greater than those of clozapine . - pubmed

When unfolded proteins accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) , transcription of glucose - regulated proteins ( GRPs ) representing ER - resident molecular chaperones is markedly induced via the unfolded protein response ( UPR ) pathway . - pubmed

In a fourth , iron gluconate ( 62.5 mg i.v./HD ) increased transferrin saturation to 27 % and reduced the percentage of hypochromic red cells from 12 to 4 , while reticulocyte haemglobin remained & gt ; 30 pg . - pubmed

Transposon mini - Tn10 insertional mutagenesis was applied to strain 406 , which revealed that lpa-8 ( sfp ) ( encoding 4 '- phosphopantetheinyl transferase ) and the pps operon ( located between 167 and 171 degrees ) are essential for plipastatin production . - pubmed

By using a new high - performance liquid chromatography system , we revealed that strain 168 expressing only lpa-8 can also produce plipastatin , although the yield is very low . - pubmed

However , the introduction of the pleiotropic regulator degQ of strain YB8 into strain 168 expressing lpa-8 resulted in a 10 - fold increase in the production of plipastatin . - pubmed

Air entrainments on charcoal filters , extracted with CS ( 2 ) and subsequently with acetone , were analyzed by coupled gas chromatography ( GC)-electroantennogram ( EAG ) as well as by GC - mass spectrometry . - pubmed

The CS(2 ) extract contained 12 EAG - active peaks from which benzaldehyde , octanal , limonene , 1,8 - cineol , methyl benzoate , nonanal , decanal and geranyl acetone were identified . - pubmed

In the acetone extract we identified eight EAG - active peaks as phenol , nonanal , 2 - ethylhexanoic acid , octanoic acid , benzoic acid , nonanoic acid , decanoic acid and dimethyl phthalate . - pubmed

Two acidic amino acid residues , Asp(470 ) and Glu(471 ) , contained in the carboxyl cytoplasmic tail of a major lysosomal membrane protein , LGP85 / LIMP II , are important for its accumulation in secondary lysosomes . - pubmed

Lysosomal membrane glycoprotein termed LGP85 or LIMP II has a COOH - terminal cytoplasmic tail whose amino acid sequence is R(459)GQGSMDEGTADERAPLIRT(478 ) . - pubmed

Two acidic amino acid residues , D(470 ) and E(471 ) , in the cytoplasmic tail of LGP85 are crucial for its binding to adaptor - like complex AP-3 . - pubmed

In the present study we investigated their role(s ) in intracellular distributions of LGP85 using two alanine substitution mutants at D(470 ) and E(471 ) ( defined as D470A and E471A , respectively ) . - pubmed

Plasma fatty acids , blood lipids , and apolipoproteins were analyzed at 15 months , and dietary intakes at 12 , 15 , and 18 months . - pubmed

In vivo , the TPGS - incorporated film exhibited a two - fold increase in FA when compared to the control film containing the PEG 3350 5 % . - pubmed

The carbomer 971P and polycarbophil containing films were determined to have the highest FA and EAF , and the lowest MA of all films tested . - pubmed

ChAT activity was increased by retinoic acid , dexamethasone , and dibutyrylcyclic AMP ( dbcAMP ) , and a synergistic effect was observed with a combined dexamethasone and dbcAMP treatment . - pubmed

Hemicholinium-3 - sensitive choline uptake , hemicholinium-3 binding , and acetylcholine content were increased by differentiating agents , with a rank order of potency comparable to their effects on ChAT activity . - pubmed

Some of the carbohydrate components detected by ELLAs as well as two organic matrix proteins ( SM30 and SM50 ) were localized within different subregions of the spine skeleton using field - emission scanning electron microscopy . - pubmed

Lysine and polyamines are substrates for transglutamination of Rho by the Bordetella dermonecrotic toxin . - pubmed

Bordetella dermonecrotic toxin ( DNT ) catalyzes the transglutamination of glutamine-63/61 of Rho GTPases , thereby constitutively activating Rho proteins . - pubmed

The enzymatically active fragment of DNT ( residues 1136 to 1451 , DeltaDNT ) induced the incorporation of L -[( 14 ) C ] lysine in RhoA in a concentration - dependent manner . - pubmed

Also , Rac and Cdc42 , but not Ras , were transglutaminated with lysine by DeltaDNT . - pubmed

Transglutamination of the GTPase with L - lysine inhibited intrinsic and Rho - GAP - stimulated GTP hydrolysis of RhoA. - pubmed

In contrast to lysine , treatment of RhoA with alanine , arginine , and glutamine were not able to substitute for lysine in the transglutamination reaction . - pubmed

A comparison of putrescine , spermidine , and lysine as substrates for DNT - induced transglutamination of RhoA revealed that lysine is a preferred second substrate at least in vitro . - pubmed

Time - segmented MS2 scans enabled simultaneous monitoring of Met - enkephalin , Leu - enkephalin , and unknown peptides . - pubmed

Blood glucose monitoring is recommended : to evaluate the glycemic response to the effect of insulin ; to confirm hypoglycemia ; to prevent hyperglycemia in case of disease ; in case of physical exercise . - pubmed

Flavopiridol , a cyclin - dependent kinase inhibitor , enhances radiosensitivity of ovarian carcinoma cells . - pubmed

Flavopiridol , a cyclin - dependent kinase ( cdk ) inhibitor , can cause cell cycle arrest , induce apoptosis in cancer cells , and inhibit tumor cell growth in vivo . - pubmed

In addition , flavopiridol treatment ( 300 nM , 1 day ) resulted in decreased levels of Ku70 and Ku86 proteins that play a role in DNA repair processes , suggesting that DNA repair processes may have been disrupted by this agent . - pubmed

Flavopiridol down - regulated cyclin D1 and cyclin E protein levels and also inhibited phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein , which is inconsistent with the observed cell cycle arrest . - pubmed

Among the cdks tested , cdk-9 , the catalytic subunit of positive transcription elongation factor b , was significantly down - regulated by flavopiridol , suggesting that flavopiridol may modulate cellular transcription processes . - pubmed

The objective of this study was to investigate the use of folate - targeted liposomes for the delivery of encapsulated oligonucleotides to folate receptor ( FR)-positive tumor cells in vitro and in vivo . - pubmed

Importantly , cell association was blocked by a large excess folic acid , thus reflecting the FR - specific nature of the cell interaction . - pubmed

We conclude from these results that folate liposomes can effectively deliver oligonucleotides into folate receptor - bearing cells in vitro , but additional barriers exist in vivo that prevent or decrease effective tumor uptake and retention . - pubmed

Ca ( 2 + ) sensitivity of arterial contractility is governed by regulating myosin phosphatase activity in response to agonist stimuli . - pubmed

Agonists , such as an alpha(1)-agonist and endothelin-1 , produced significant contraction in arteries of all species under physiological Ca ( 2 +)-containing conditions . - pubmed

Thus , CPI-17 is essential for G protein / PKC - mediated Ca ( 2 + ) sensitization in smooth muscle . - pubmed

The ability of Fe chelation by 100 microM SIH to limit enlargement to approximately 180 % confirms that the LIP plays a major role in cytomegaly . - pubmed

Pretreatment of the cells with PACAP resulted in a significant decrease in LPS- or IFNgamma - induced NO production as well as iNOS and IL-1beta mRNA levels . - pubmed

The inhibitory effect of PACAP appeared to be mediated through an increase in intracellular cAMP . - pubmed

PACAP inhibition of LPS - induced NO production was accompanied by inhibition of p38 MAPK activation , but not ERK , JNK , or NF - kappaB. - pubmed

Topotecan - induced alterations in the amount and stability of human DNA topoisomerase I in solid tumor cell lines . - pubmed

MATERIALS AND METHODS : Western blot analysis of the time - dependent redistribution of a full - size topo 1 and its proteolytical fragments was performed after Tpt treatment for 1 h at concentrations 10 - fold or 100 - fold higher than the Tpt IC50 for the respective cell lines . - pubmed

CONCLUSION : The data obtained indicate that Tpt - induced time- and dose - dependent effects on the amount and stability of topo 1 are involved in the mechanisms of Tpt activity against different solid tumor cell lines . - pubmed

This is in sharp contrast to the importance of this type of proteins , particularly G protein - coupled receptors ( GPCRs ) , as today 60 - 70 % of the current drug targets are based on membrane proteins . - pubmed

ATP hydrolysis in the presence and absence of ouabain was used to measure Na , K - ATPase activity . - pubmed

Western blot analysis was used to examine phosphotyrosine - containing proteins and tyrosine kinase expression . - pubmed

Na , K - ATPase activity in membrane material treated with Lck or Fes was not significantly altered , even though Lck and Fes treatment induced robust tyrosine phosphorylation . - pubmed

Added exogenously , each tyrosine kinase induced a different pattern of membrane protein tyrosine phosphorylation . - pubmed

As judged by immunoprecipitation , Src , Fyn , Lyn , and Lck elicited tyrosine phosphorylation of the Na , K - ATPase alpha1 protein . - pubmed

This could perhaps explain why inhibition of Na , K - ATPase activity is reported to be caused by tyrosine phosphorylation in some tissues , whereas stimulation of Na , K - ATPase activity is observed in other tissues . - pubmed

We investigated whether H2O2 , superoxide , and ERK participate in nerve growth factor ( NGF)-induced signaling cascades and whether antioxidant N - acetylcysteine ( NAC ) regulates these NGF - induced responses . - pubmed

We found that NGF increased intracellular H2O2 concentration and activated ERK but failed to affect intracellular superoxide level . - pubmed

Moreover , NAC counteracted these NGF - induced responses . - pubmed

The variability in CsA and Tac disposition has been attributed to interindividual differences in the expression of the metabolizing enzymes cytochrome P450 ( CYP ) 3A4 and 3A5 , and in the expression of the drug transporter P - glycoprotein ( encoded by the ABCB1 gene , formerly known as the multidrug resistance 1 gene ) . - pubmed

In addition , we determined if DCEs could serve as surrogate inducers of BMO gene expression . - pubmed

The impacts of lactic acid - supported DCE oxidation on BMO activity differed among the isomers . - pubmed

In intact cells , 50 % of BMO activity was irreversibly lost after consumption of approximately 20 nmol mg protein(-1 ) of 1,1 - DCE and 1,2 - trans DCE in 0.5 and 5 min , respectively . - pubmed

In contrast , a comparable loss of activity required the oxidation of 120 nmol 1,2 - cis DCE mg protein(-1 ) . - pubmed

butanovora " did not express BMO activity but gained activity after exposure to butane , ethene , 1,2 - cis DCE , or 1,2 - trans DCE . - pubmed

The products of BMO activity , ethene oxide and 1 - butanol , induced lacZ in a reporter strain containing lacZ fused to the BMO promoter , whereas butane , ethene , and 1,2 - cis DCE did not . - pubmed

1,2 - trans DCE was unique among the BMO substrates tested in its ability to induce lacZ expression . - pubmed

Pre - incubation with 50 microM 3 - quinuclidinyl benzilate ( QNB ) or 50 nM strychnine failed to inhibit the ACh - initiated AR , demonstrating that muscarinic AChRs and nAChRs containing alpha9 subunits do not mediate this event . - pubmed

Choline ( 2.5 , 5 and 10 mM ) , a highly specific but low potency agonist of the alpha7 nAChR initiated AR , with its effect blocked by the nAChR antagonist methyllycaconitine ( MLA ) . - pubmed

The nAChR antagonists , alpha - bungarotoxin ( alpha - BTX ) and MLA , reduced the ACh - initiated Ca2 + rise by 75 and 78 % , respectively , demonstrating the majority of the rise is mediated through nAChRs containing alpha7 or alpha9 subunits . - pubmed

The remaining sperm ( 6 % ) displayed a sharp spike of Ca2 + ( approximately 1 min ; 86 % + /- 4.3 SEM change in fluorescence intensity ) , followed by abrupt loss of fluorescence , a pattern suggestive of AR . - pubmed

Indeed , there is growing evidence that the gonadotropin , luteinizing hormone , which regulates serum estrogen and testosterone concentrations , could be an important causative factor in the development of Alzheimer ' s disease . - pubmed

Inhibition of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase activity by H2O2 . - pubmed

Indoleamine 2,3 - dioxygenase is the first and rate limiting enzyme of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism , has potent effects on cell proliferation and mediates antimicrobial , antitumorogenic , and immunosuppressive effects . - pubmed

The work presented here represents the first systematic study exploring the mechanisms by which low levels of hydrogen peroxide ( 10 - 100 microM ) inhibit indoleamine 2,3 - dioxygenase in vitro . - pubmed

Following brief peroxide exposure both enzyme inhibition and structural changes were observed . - pubmed

Enzyme activity could in part be preserved in the presence of sulfhydryl containing compounds , particularly DTT and methionine . - pubmed

Some enzyme activity could be recovered in the presence of thioredoxin , indicating that the inhibitory effect of H ( 2 ) O ( 2 ) is at least partially reversible in vitro . - pubmed

We present evidence that cysteine oxidation represents one mechanism of indoleamine 2,3 - dioxygenase inhibition . - pubmed

Cessation of short - term alcohol administration thus had no promoting effects on development of GST - P foci , suggesting that the duration of alcohol treatment may be important . - pubmed

Our hypothesis that plant annexins mediate exocytotic events is supported by the finding that p23 , p33 , and p35 bind to these secretory vesicles in a Ca ( 2 +)-dependent manner . - pubmed

Homochiral 1D zinc - quitenine coordination polymer with a high dielectric constant . - pubmed

We further demonstrated that His384 , a universally conserved residue among protein tyrosine kinases , is not essential for Src catalysis or its inactivation by C - terminal tail Tyr phosphorylation . - pubmed

Interestingly , His384 mutants undergo autophosphorylation on Tyr416 like wild - type Src but are not activated by autophosphorylation . - pubmed

The potential role of His384 in Src activation by autophosphorylation is discussed in the context of Src structure . - pubmed

Increased cell survival and decreased chlorophyll degradation in transformants under acclimated conditions further confirmed the relevance of codA in imparting stress tolerance . - pubmed

Aer residues 210 to 290 were individually replaced with cysteine and then cross - linked in vivo . - pubmed

Several findings supported the hypothesis that Aer has a four - helix HAMP structure : ( i ) cross - linking independently identified the same residues at the dimer interface that were predicted by the model , ( ii ) the rate of cross - linking for residue pairs was inversely proportional to the beta - carbon distances measured on the model , and ( iii ) clockwise lesions that were not contiguous in the linear Aer sequence were clustered in one region in the folded HAMP model , defining a potential site of PAS - HAMP interaction during signaling . - pubmed

posadasii identification was confirmed by nested PCR of the antigen 2 / proline - rich antigen ( Ag2 / PRA ) encoding gene . - pubmed

An argatroban infusion was started at 2 microg / kg / minute during her 33rd week of pregnancy , with the dosage titrated based on the activated partial thromboplastin time ; infusion rates ranged from 2 - 8 microg / kg / minute . - pubmed

Periodic acid - Schif staining and immunohistochemical staining of CD34 were conducted to explore if VM exists in those Rb specimens . - pubmed

OBJECTIVE : The antiprogestin mifepristone is widely used for medical termination of pregnancy ( TOP ) . - pubmed

Medical TOP was induced with 200 mg of mifepristone followed by 0.8 mg of misoprostol 2 days later . - pubmed

Three - dimensional ultrasound examinations and hormone assays ( progesterone , human chorionic gonadotropin , and 17 - hydroxyprogesterone ) were performed in both groups on the day of , and 2 days after , administration of mifepristone . - pubmed

The esterification of cholesterol in plasma by LCAT was 67 % and in tissues by ACAT was 64 % . - pubmed

The relative esterification ( cholesterol being 1.0 ) of these sterols by the plasma LCAT was 1.00 , 0.95 , 0.89 , 0.40 , 0.85 , 0.82 and 0.80 , 0.69 and 0.82 , respectively . - pubmed

The predominant fatty acid of the sterol esters was linoleic acid for LCAT and oleic acid for ACAT . - pubmed

The saturation of the A ring of cholesterol increased ester formation by ACAT by 29 % and decreased the esterification by LCAT by 5.9 % . - pubmed

Esterification by ACAT and LCAT was reduced , respectively , by 25 and 11 % by the presence of an additional methyl group on the side chain of cholesterol at the C-24 position . - pubmed

This data supports our hypothesis that the structure of the sterol substrate has a significant effect on its esterification by ACAT or LCAT . - pubmed

Alternatively , we show through two - color spectro - electrochemistry that Raman scattering is also finely sensitive to oxidation state changes of flavin , a biomimetic system that mimics the active center of many flavoprotein enzymes . - pubmed

CONCLUSIONS : Our study confirmed a close association between preoperative glucose control indicated by HbA ( 1c ) levels & lt;7 % and a decreased risk of postoperative infectious complications . - pubmed

In critical patients sources of oxidative stress include the mitochondrial respiratory electron transport chain , xanthine oxidase activation , the respiratory burst associated with neutrophil activation , and arachidonic acid metabolism . - pubmed

Several endogenous antioxidants have been identified including enzymes , like superoxide dismutases and glutathione peroxidase , vitamins and other molecules such as uric acid and bilirubin . - pubmed

We present a case of metastatic CDC that responded favorably to a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor , sunitinib , achieving a partial response in both lung and skeletal metastases . - pubmed

Considering these findings , it would be worthwhile prospectively investigating the role of multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitors , particularly sunitinib , in the management of metastatic CDC . - pubmed

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the nucleus accumbens core and shell contribute to cocaine priming - induced reinstatement of drug seeking . - pubmed

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the nucleus accumbens play an important role in mediating the reinforcing effects of cocaine . - pubmed

However , there is a paucity of data regarding the role of accumbal muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the reinstatement of cocaine - seeking behavior . - pubmed

The goal of these experiments was to assess the role of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the nucleus accumbens core and shell in cocaine and sucrose priming - induced reinstatement . - pubmed

Results indicated that systemic administration of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist scopolamine ( 5.0 mg / kg , i.p . ) - pubmed

In contrast , infusion of scopolamine ( 36.0 mug ) directly into the accumbens core , but not shell , attenuated sucrose reinstatement , which suggests that muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in these two subregions of the nucleus accumbens have differential roles in sucrose seeking . - pubmed

Taken together , these results indicate that cocaine priming - induced reinstatement is mediated , in part , by increased signaling through muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the shell subregion of the nucleus accumbens . - pubmed

The proposed model is successfully applied to estimate the site energy distribution of three pitch - based activated carbons ( PA , PFeA and PBA ) developed in our laboratory and also for other common adsorbent materials for different gas molecules . - pubmed

We planned this case - control study to evaluate the relationship between hypogonadism , as defined by the sexual hormone profile ( FSH , LH , testosterone ( T ) and prolactin ) and ED , as assessed by means of an internationally validated self - administered questionnaire ( IIEF ) . - pubmed

Mean alcohol consumption significantly differed in the three ALDH2 genotypes : 297 g per week in NN , 158 g in NM and 18 g in MM . - pubmed

These results suggest an interactive effect of ALDH2 and P450 2E1 genes on alcohol consumption and a higher sensitivity to alcohol - induced health effects in c2/2 genotypes , although larger scale studies are required to confirm these findings . - pubmed

Frataxin homologues are important iron chaperones in eukarya and prokarya . - pubmed

In a four - constituents reconstitution system ( including SufU , SufS , Fra and CitB ) we observed a Fra - dependent formation of a [ 4 Fe-4 S ] cluster on SufU that could be efficiently transferred onto the target apo - aconitase ( CitB ) . - pubmed

Purine / Pyrimidine nucleotides ratio ( OD 260 : OD 280 ) was also measured RESULTS : P5'N-1 deficient patients showed reduction in P5'N-1 activity ( Mean + - SD ; 4.06 + - 0.66 using an ELISA reader & amp ; 6.25 + - 1.37 using a spectrophotometer ) as compared to the normal control group ( ELISA reader : 13.24 + - 3.42 & amp ; Spectrophotometer : 18.25 + - 3.20 ) . - pubmed

Heterozygotes showed intermediate activity ( ELISA reader : 6.06 + - 0.48 & amp ; Spectrophotometer : 8.06 + - 1.28 ) , however they would have been missed on screening using the Purine / Pyrimidine nucleotides ratio CONCLUSION : Determination of P5'N-1 activity by using an ELISA reader is a new , simple , less time consuming and reliable method . - pubmed

MTS assay was used to measure the ability of DC transduced with AAV - AFP ( AAV - AFP + DC ) to stimulate the proliferation of T cell . - pubmed

For each SD increase in log FABP4 , hazard ratios ( HRs ) for diabetes were 1.35 ( 95 % CI 1.10 - 1.65 ) for women and 1.45 ( 1.13 - 1.85 ) for men controlling for age , race , education , physical activity , cystatin C , alcohol intake , smoking , self - reported health status , and estrogen use for women ( P for sex - FABP4 interaction 0.10 ) . - pubmed

circinelloides is beta - carotene , although it has some hydroxylase activity and produces low amounts of zeaxanthin . - pubmed

Two enzymatic activities are required for the production of astaxanthin from beta - carotene : a hydroxylase and a ketolase . - pubmed

Using site - directed mutagenesis and high - resolution copper - phenanthroline footprinting , we have identified the functional toxboxes required for the ToxT activation of PctxAB . - pubmed

AIM : To assess the effect of simulated mouth conditions reproduced with thermocycling on the tensile bond strength of two silicone based resilient denture liners with acrylic resin bases . - pubmed

Serum FSH , LH , and estradiol ( E2 ) were measured . - pubmed

In this study , we present a theory on how the CO2 diffusion gradient over the gasket is affected by leaf - mediated pores ( LMP ) and how LMP reduce diffusive exchange across the gaskets . - pubmed

However , a possible correlation between RBC MTX and MTXGlu2 - 5 concentrations and clinical outcomes of MTX treatment in RA is debated . - pubmed

AIM : The purpose of this analysis was to describe the pharmacokinetics of MTX and MTXGlu ( 2 - 5 ) in RBCs . - pubmed

Dexmedetomidine , a selective alpha2 - adrenergic receptor agonist , is often used for sedation and analgesia especially in intensive care units . - pubmed

Following this , local immune response was investigated by measuring cytokine levels in the presence of dexmedetomidine in spleen cell culture . - pubmed

According to our in vitro and in vivo results , dexmedetomidine shows anti - inflammatory effect by increasing IL-4 and IL-10 levels responsible from anti - inflammatory response via Th2 pathway . - pubmed

Moreover , we showed for the first time in the study that dexmedetomidine administration reduces IL-23 , which is responsible from initiation of inflammatory response via Th17 pathway . - pubmed

, a facultative C3 halophyte species , can efficiently control the activity of slow ( SV ) and fast ( FV ) tonoplast channels to match specific growth conditions by ensuring that most of accumulated Na + is safely locked in the vacuole ( Bonales - Alatorre et al . - pubmed

The interaction between an adsorbed 1 - butyl-1 - methylpyrrolidinium bis ( trifluoromethylsulfonyl ) imide , [ BMP ][ TFSA ] , ionic liquid ( IL ) layer and a Ag ( 111 ) substrate , under ultrahigh - vacuum conditions , was investigated in a combined experimental and theoretical approach , by high - resolution scanning tunneling microscopy ( STM ) , X - ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( XPS ) , and dispersion - corrected density functional theory calculations ( DFT - D ) . - pubmed

DHEAS , testosterone , FTI , SHBG , estriol , progesterone , beta - hCG , TSH , free T3 and free T4 concentrations did not differ between the groups . - pubmed

Pepsin in the gastric fluid would compete for the adsorption sites with the adsorbates , and bile salts in the intestinal fluid had a solubilization effect on the chemicals . - pubmed

However , as we reported herein , citric acid covalently modified a recombinant monoclonal antibody ( IgG1 ) in a phosphate / citrate - buffered formulation at pH 5.2 and led to the formation of so - called " acidic species " that showed mass increases of 174 and 156 Da , respectively . - pubmed

ST7612AA1 , a thioacetate - omega ( gamma - lactam carboxamide ) derivative selected from a novel generation of oral HDAC inhibitors . - pubmed

A systematic study of medicinal chemistry aimed at identifying a new generation of HDAC inhibitors , through the introduction of a thiol zinc - binding group ( ZBG ) and of an amide - lactam in the omega - position of the polyethylene chain of the vorinostat scaffold , allowed the selection of a new class of potent pan - HDAC inhibitors ( pan - HDACis ) . - pubmed

Molecular docking into HDAC crystal structures suggested a binding mode for these thiol derivatives consistent with the stereoselectivity observed upon insertion of amide - lactam substituents in the omega - position . - pubmed

ST7612AA1 ( 117 ) , selected as a drug candidate for further development , showed an in vitro activity in the nanomolar range associated with a remarkable in vivo antitumor activity , highly competitive with the most potent HDAC inhibitors , currently under clinical trials . - pubmed

Greater PAV regression in women versus men occurred with rosuvastatin ( p = 0.004 ) , those with diabetes ( p = 0.01 ) , stable coronary disease ( p = 0.01 ) , higher baseline LDL - C ( p = 0.02 ) , and higher CRP ( p = 0.04 ) levels . - pubmed

Annexin A5 promotes invasion and chemoresistance to temozolomide in glioblastoma multiforme cells . - pubmed

In the present study , we explored the effects of annexin A5 on GBM cell invasion and chemoresistance to temozolomide . - pubmed

Overexpression of annexin A5 in both cell lines significantly increased cell invasion , matrix metalloproteinase-2 ( MMP-2 ) expression / activity , Akt phosphorylation at serine 473 , and the half maximal inhibitory concentration ( IC50 ) values of temozolomide and markedly decreased temozolomide - induced apoptosis , all of which were abolished by selective PI3 K inhibitor BKM120 . - pubmed

On the other hand , knockdown of annexin A5 markedly decreased cell invasion , MMP-2 expression / activity , Akt phosphorylation at serine 473 , and the IC50 values of temozolomide and significantly increased temozolomide - induced apoptosis . - pubmed

In conclusion , our study provides the first evidence that annexin A5 promotes GBM cell invasion , MMP-2 expression / activity , and chemoresistance to temozolomide through a PI3K - dependent mechanism . - pubmed

PURPOSE : To report a subgroup analysis comparing safety and effectiveness outcomes in Japanese and non - Japanese patients as part of a prospective , multinational , randomized controlled trial ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00120406 ) evaluating a paclitaxel - coated drug - eluting stent ( DES ) compared to percutaneous transluminal angioplasty ( PTA ) for treating peripheral artery disease . - pubmed

AIM : The treatment strategy for steroid - resistant nephrotic syndrome remains uncertain at present , especially in those with calcineurin inhibitor resistance or intolerance . - pubmed

A commercial CSF vaccine ( C - strain ) and phosphate - buffered saline ( PBS ) were used as positive or negative controls , respectively . - pubmed

On hydrophilic Si , adhesion increased with increasing RH for pollens with or without pollenkitt , up to 200nN at 70 % RH . - pubmed

Additionally , 3.8 % of the rifampin - resistant isolates showing no mutation in the rpoB gene were significantly associated with mixed infections ( chi(2 ) , 56.78 ; P & lt ; 0.01 ) . - pubmed

This study revealed for the first time that Manu2 was the predominant group in the cases of mixed infections , and this might be the main reason for heteroresistance and a possible mechanism for isolates without any mutation in the rpoB gene to become rifampin resistant . - pubmed

The most interesting formulation , containing GCS and SBE - beta - CD , was denoted as DA GCS / DA - CD NPs . - pubmed

DA GCS / DA - CD NPs showed cytotoxic effect toward Olfactory Ensheathing Cells only at higher dosage . - pubmed

Design and Synthesis of Imidazopyrazolopyridines as Novel Selective COX-2 Inhibitors . - pubmed

In the present study , we introduced imidazopyrazolopyridines as new potent and selective COX-2 inhibitors that lack the standard pharmacophoric binding features to hERG . - pubmed

This work examined the potential of the anodic iontophoresis of doxorubicin - loaded cationic solid lipid nanoparticles ( DOX - SLN ) to increase the distribution and tumor penetration of DOX . - pubmed

A double - labeled cationic DOX - SLN composed of the lipids stearic acid and monoolein and a new BODIPY dye was prepared and characterized . - pubmed

Although the iontophoresis of a DOX solution increased the penetration of DOX in the viable epidermis by approximately 4 - fold , the iontophoresis of cationic DOX - SLN increased the DOX penetration by approximately 50 - fold . - pubmed

In vivo , the DOX - SLN iontophoretic treatment was effective in inhibiting tumor cell survival and tumor growth and was accompanied by an increase in keratinization and consequent cell death . - pubmed

These results indicate a strong and synergic effect of iontophoresis with DOX - SLN and provide a potential strategy for the treatment of skin cancer . - pubmed

In recent years , gefitinib , an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor , has shown its good antitumor activities in treating NSCLC in a number of studies . - pubmed

LncRNA GClnc1 Promotes Gastric Carcinogenesis and May Act as a Modular Scaffold of WDR5 and KAT2A Complexes to Specify the Histone Modification Pattern . - pubmed

Mechanistically , GClnc1 bound WDR5 ( a key component of histone methyltransferase complex ) and KAT2A histone acetyltransferase , acted as a modular scaffold of WDR5 and KAT2A complexes , coordinated their localization , specified the histone modification pattern on the target genes , including SOD2 , and consequently altered gastric cancer cell biology . - pubmed

High throughput chemical library screening identifies a novel p110 - delta inhibitor that potentiates the anti - myeloma effect of bortezomib . - pubmed

Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of p110 - delta substantially reduced myeloma viability and enhanced cellular sensitivity to bortezomib . - pubmed

A WD40 protein , AtGHS40 , negatively modulates abscisic acid degrading and signaling genes during seedling growth under high glucose conditions . - pubmed

The ghs40 - 1 mutant displayed severely impaired cotyledon greening and expansion and showed enhanced reduction in hypocotyl elongation of dark - grown seedlings when grown in Glc concentrations higher than 3 % . - pubmed

The Glc - hypersensitivity of ghs40 - 1 was correlated with the hyposensitive phenotype of 35S::AtGHS40 seedlings . - pubmed

Quantitative real time - PCR analysis showed that AtGHS40 was involved in the control of Glc - responsive genes . - pubmed

AtGHS40 acts downstream of HXK1 and is activated by ABI4 while ABI4 expression is negatively modulated by AtGHS40 in the Glc signaling network . - pubmed

Given that AtGHS40 inhibited ABA degrading and signaling gene expression levels under high Glc conditions , a new circuit of fine - tuning modulation by which ABA and ABA signaling gene expression are modulated in balance , occurred in plants . - pubmed

Thus , AtGHS40 may play a role in ABA - mediated Glc signaling during early seedling development . - pubmed

The cells were also transfected with small interfering RNA directed against PLTP , and U0126 , an inhibitor of the ERK1 / 2 pathway , was administered before CSE exposure . - pubmed

Topoisomerase 1 ( TOP1 ) poisons like camptothecin ( CPT ) are currently used in cancer chemotherapy but these compounds can have damaging , off - target effects on neurons leading to cognitive , sensory and motor deficits . - pubmed

Neuronal cells expressed higher levels of Top1 mRNA than fibroblasts but transcript levels are reduced in all cell types after treatment with CPT . - pubmed

Pathway analysis of the differentially expressed transcripts revealed activation of ERK and JNK signaling cascades in CPT - treated MNs . - pubmed

Immediate - early genes like Fos , Egr-1 and Gadd45b were upregulated in CPT - treated MNs . - pubmed

Fos mRNA levels were elevated in all cell types treated with CPT ; Egr-1 , Gadd45b and Dyrk3 transcript levels , however , increased in CPT - treated MNs and CNs but decreased in CPT - treated fibroblasts . - pubmed

Supplementation of drinking water with 40 mg / L ( 6 mg / kg BW ) boron also markedly increased splenic IL-2 expression and the CD4+/CD8 + cell ratio and reduced splenic CD8 + cell number . - pubmed

Supplementation with 80 mg / L ( 12 mg / kg BW ) boron significantly increased CD3 + and PCNA+ cell numbers ( P & lt ; 0.05 ) and decreased the IL-10 expression in the spleen . - pubmed

Addition of 320 ( 48 ) and 640 ( 96 ) mg / L ( mg / kg BW ) boron markedly reduced the serum IgG concentrations ; splenic IL-2 and IL-10 expression ; the number of CD3 + , CD4 + and PCNA+ cells ; and increased the number of splenic CD8 + and caspase-3 + cells and promoted caspase-3 expression in CD3 + cells . - pubmed

SUMMARY : Background FXaI16L ( PF-05230907 ) is a zymogen - like variant of activated factor X ( FXa ) . - pubmed

PREDICTORS : Creatinine , cystatin C , beta - trace protein ( BTP ) , and beta2 - microglobulin ( B2 M ) were measured in serum samples collected at the 12- and 24 - month follow - up visits , along with measured GFR ( mGFR ) at these time points . - pubmed

CONCLUSIONS : Declines in mGFR , eGFRcr , eGFRBTP , and the average of 4 filtration markers ( creatinine , cystatin C , BTP , and B2 M ) were consistently associated with progression to ESRD . - pubmed

In ~50 % of prostate cancers , chromosomal rearrangements cause the fusion of the promoter and 5'-UTR of the androgen - regulated TMPRSS2 ( transmembrane protease , serine 2 ) gene to the open reading frame of ERG , encoding an ETS family transcription factor . - pubmed

Here , we report a mechanism whereby ERK - mediated phosphorylation of ERG at one serine residue causes a conformational change that allows ERK phosphorylation at a second serine residue , Ser-96 . - pubmed

We found that the Ser-96 phosphorylation resulted in dissociation of EZH2 and SUZ12 , components of polycomb repressive complex 2 ( PRC2 ) , transcriptional activation of ERG target genes , and increased cell migration . - pubmed

Conversely , loss of ERG phosphorylation at Ser-96 resulted in recruitment of EZH2 across the ERG - cistrome and a genome - wide loss of ERG - mediated transcriptional activation and cell migration . - pubmed

Sialic acid - binding lectins ( SABLs ) are ubiquitous ancient molecules with binding properties to N - acetyl or N - glycolyl carbohydrates , and play crucial roles in both adaptive and innate immune responses . - pubmed

Syndecan-1 ( Sdc1 ) is a major cell surface heparan sulfate ( HS ) proteoglycan of epithelial cells , a cell type targeted by many bacterial pathogens early in their pathogenesis . - pubmed

Synergistic antiproliferative effects of an mTOR inhibitor ( rad001 ) plus gemcitabine on cholangiocarcinoma by decreasing choline kinase activity . - pubmed

This study aims to investigate a novel therapeutic regimen [ gemcitabine plus everolimus ( rad001 ) , an mTOR inhibitor ] for cholangiocarcinoma . - pubmed

In the in vitro study , gemcitabine plus rad001 exerted a synergistic therapeutic effect on the cholangiocarcinoma cells , irrespective of the KRAS mutation status . - pubmed

In the xenograft study , gemcitabine plus rad001 showed the best therapeutic effect on tumor volume change , and was associated with increased caspase-3 expression , decreased eIF4E expression , as well as overexpression of both death receptor- and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway - related genes . - pubmed

Also , increased intratumoral free choline , decreased glycerophosphocholine and nearly undetectable phosphocholine levels were demonstrated by proton nuclear magnetic resonance , supported by results of decreased choline kinase expression in western blotting . - pubmed

We concluded that gemcitabine plus rad001 has a synergistic antiproliferative effect on cholangiocarcinoma , irrespective of the KRAS mutation status . - pubmed

The antitumor effect is associated with activation of both death receptor and mitochondrial pathways , as well as the downregulation of choline kinase activity , resulting in a characteristic change in choline metabolism . - pubmed

Although TCR specificity seems to be important for CBZ - induced SJS / TEN in South East Asian patients , a distinct repertoire may not play a role in reactions to other drugs . - pubmed

CPSase is a metabolic enzyme that is involved in pyrimidine and arginine synthesis . - pubmed

Disruption of carB resulted in survival rates that were reduced by up to 2,500 - fold following antibiotic treatment , and this phenotype was abolished by the addition of uracil , highlighting the importance of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis for persister formation . - pubmed

Disruption of carB resulted in intracellular ATP accumulation , and lowering ATP levels using arsenate restored the antibiotic tolerance profile of the mutant to levels similar to those seen with the wild type . - pubmed

aeruginosa Disruption of carB resulted in a metabolic perturbation that increased cellular ATP and reduced persister formation . - pubmed

While PBA treatment reduced ER stress and increased collagen IV incorporation into BMs , the persistence of defects in BM structure and reduced ability of the BM to withstand mechanical stress indicate that PBA may be counter - indicative for pathologies caused by matrix defects . - pubmed

Furthermore , to evaluate the molecular mechanism involved in cancer cell death , we studied the genes that are involved in fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis pathway including 3 - hydroxy-3 - methylglutaryl - coenzyme A reductase ( HMGCR ) , Acetyl CoA synthase ( ACC ) , sterol regulatory element - binding protein ( SPREPB1 ) and fatty acid synthase ( FASN ) respectively . - pubmed

Conformational sampling and polarization of Asp26 in pKa calculations of thioredoxin . - pubmed

Thioredoxin is a protein that has been used as model system by various computational methods to predict the pKa of aspartate residue Asp26 which is 3.5 units higher than a solvent exposed one ( eg , Asp20 ) . - pubmed

Here , we use extensive atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of two different protonation states of Asp26 in combination with conformational analysis based on RMSD clustering and principle component analysis to identify representative conformations of the protein in solution . - pubmed

For each conformation , the Gibbs free energy of proton transfer between Asp26 and Asp20 , which is fully solvated in a loop region of the protein , is calculated with the Amber99sb force field in alchemical transformations . - pubmed

The inclusion of the polarization of both aspartate residues in the free energy cycle by HI atomic charges corrects the results from the non - polarizable force field and reproduces the experimental DeltapKa value of Asp26 . - pubmed

Additionally , we investigated the effects of blocking NMDA or non - NMDA parietal ionotropic glutamate receptors on TUNL and found that , in contrast to the prefrontal cortex , NMDA receptors in the PPC are not necessary for TUNL performance , whereas blockade of AMPA / Kainate receptors significantly impaired accuracy . - pubmed

Moreover , a significant increment ( p & lt ; 0.05 ) in the levels of AST , ALP , creatinine , and urea was evident in both experimental groups but more significant differences were noticed in the tartrazine group . - pubmed

Tapentadol is a novel analgesic molecule that synergistically combines two mechanisms of action , micro - opioid receptor agonism and norepinephrine reuptake inhibition , and for which multiple literature data are available that confirm its efficacy and safety in controlling pain . - pubmed

The compounds namely 2 ( R ) , 4 ( R )- dihydroxypyrrolidine , 4 - hydroxy-2 -( 4 - methoxyphenyl )- 1,1 - dioxo-3,4 - dihydrothieno [ 3,2 - e ] thiazine-6 - sulfonamide , 2,3 - Diketo - L - gulonic acid , ( 3 - hydroxy-2 - octadeca-9,12 - dienoyloxypropyl ) octadecanoate , 2 -[[ 4 -[[ 4 -[( 4 - formamido-1 - methylimidazole-2 - carbonyl ) amino ]- 1 - methylimidazole-2 - carbonyl ] amino ]- 1 - methylimidazole-2 - carbonyl ] amino ] ethyl - dimethylazanium , Picolinic acid and ( 2 - Hydroxy-5 - nitrophenyl ) dihydrogen phosphate successfully bind inside the pocket of survivin . - pubmed

The presence of two reduced function variants in CYP2C9 influences the acute response to glipizide . - pubmed

Glucose and insulin levels were measured at baseline , 30 , 60 , 90 , 120 , 180 and 240 min for calculation of phenotypic endpoints of glipizide response . - pubmed

CONCLUSIONS : Carriers of two reduced function alleles in CYP2C9 may experience an increased insulin response to glipizide and be predisposed to a higher risk of hypoglycaemia , although no effect of genotype was seen in glucose - based measurements . - pubmed

Further studies are needed to clarify the utility of CYP2C9 genotyping to guide sulfonylurea treatment . - pubmed

: hypromellose phthalate ( HP ) , hypromellose ( AN ) , and hypromellose ( CN ) along with acetic acid ( AA ) ( 0.1 M , 20 % w / v ) as a plasticizer . - pubmed

The bioaccessibility of the total phenolic content and the total flavonoids - including decursin ( D ) and decursinol angelate ( DA)-were significantly higher in HP - AA - EAGN compared to the control . - pubmed

In whole - cell voltage - clamp recording , ASIC currents were evoked by brief local application of pH 6.0 external solution in the presence of TRPV1 channel blocker AMG9810 . - pubmed

Construction of a recyclable oxidase - mimicking Fe3O4@MnOx - based colorimetric sensor array for quantifying and identifying chlorophenols . - pubmed

Herein , we report a recyclable colorimetric sensor array according to the oxidase - mimicking catalytic characteristics of Fe3O4@MnOx for the high - performance quantification and differentiation of typical CPs . - pubmed

The core - shell Fe3O4@MnOx prepared by growing oxidase - like MnOx nanoflakes on the surface of magnetic Fe3O4 particles via a hydrothermal process can exhibit excellent catalytic activity to trigger the color reaction of CPs and 4 - aminoantipyrine with the participation of O2 . - pubmed

Objectives : The aim of our study was to develop a simple , precise , sensitive and specific method for the simultaneous determination of arbutin and hydroquinone in different herbal slimming products using GC - MS . - pubmed

Materials and Methods : The methanol and aqueous extracts of nine herbal slimming products in Turkey were evaluated for analysis of arbutin and hydroquinone using GC - MS method . - pubmed

Here , a hybrid PSC with a graded band gap is explored using MAPbBr3 ( MA = CH3NH3 ) and MAPbBr0.9I2.1 quantum dots ( QDs ) as component cells . - pubmed

Further analyses showed that CvBV-7 - 1 and three homologs from other Cotesia bracoviruses possessed a C - terminal leucine / isoleucine - rich region and had a similar function in inhibiting melanization . - pubmed

Our findings suggest that CLP genes from Cotesia bracoviruses encoded proteins that contain a C - terminal leucine / isoleucine - rich region and function as melanization inhibitors during the early stage of parasitization , which is important for successful parasitization . - pubmed

lncRNA - PRLB Confers Paclitaxel Resistance of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Regulating RSF1 / NF - kappaB Signaling Pathway . - pubmed

In this study , the authors explored PRLB effect in the paclitaxel ( Tax ) resistance of ovarian cancer cells and revealed the role of RSF1 ( remodeling and spacing factor 1)/nuclear factor kappaB ( NF - kappaB ) signaling in this process . - pubmed

Nowadays , LDs are viewed as dynamic organelles , which store and release fatty acids depending on energy demand ( LD dynamics ) . - pubmed

We aimed to quantify PLIN2 and PLIN5 content at individual LDs as a reflection of the ability to switch between fatty acid release and storage depending on energy demand . - pubmed

Herein , at first , its main active components were identified by UPLC - ESI - qTOF - MS , and a representative MF flavone glycosides profile consisting of ten compounds was illustrated , which is the most detailed one up to now . - pubmed

Cholesterol glucosylation serves several functions that include promoting immune evasion , enhancing antibiotic resistance , maintaining the native helical morphology , and supporting functions of prominent virulence factors such as CagA and VacA. - pubmed

Body weight , disease activity index ( DAI ) , colon length , biochemical parameters ( MDA and SOD ) , and histopathological score in colon tissue were measured . - pubmed

Metabolomics results revealed forty - nine differential metabolites as biomarkers of DSS - induced colitis , demonstrating that the path - mechanism of colitis involved the perturbation of eight metabolic pathways , including alpha - linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism , sphingolipid metabolism , retinol metabolism , bile acid metabolism , et al . - pubmed

Thirty - six biomarkers were especially reversed to normal - like levels by PQ - A via regulation of alpha - linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism , sphingolipid metabolism , and retinol metabolism , which effectively hinted the potential pharmacological mechanism of PQ - A related to NF - kappaB / p65 inflammatory signaling . - pubmed

Molecular docking results predicted high affinity interaction between PQ - A and NF - kappaB / p65 , involving hydrogen - bond interactions at five amino acid residues , suggesting NF - kappaB / p65 as a target . - pubmed

Butylated hydroxytoluene ( BHT ) and butylated hydroxyanisole ( BHA ) at concentrations of 100 ppm ( 0.45 and 0.55 mM , respectively ) produced a marked leakage of lactic dehydrogenase ( LDH ) from cultured myocardial and endotheloid cells into the culture medium . - pubmed

Two and four days after adrenalectomy ( ADX ) on either day 5 or 10 after birth , a significant decrease in the concentration of FSH was found ; 4 days after ADX on either day 15 or 20 , FSH concentrations had increased significantly compared with sham - operated and/or intact controls . - pubmed

It is argued that the effects of ADX on both the release of gonadotrophins and the onset of puberty are primarily , and presumably exclusively , due to the effects on general bodily development ( expressed in body weight ) . - pubmed

The enthalpy change for the oxidative deamination of glutamate by NADP+ catalyzed by bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase has been determined calorimetrically . - pubmed

[ Molecular weight distribution of hydrolysis products of polyuridylic acid by cobra venom ribonuclease . - pubmed

Onset of spontaneous labor and changes in E2 and progesterone levels -- possible interrelation . - pubmed

Angiotensin II or endothelin-1 was continuously infused into the renal artery throughout the experiment and a bolus of torasemide or furosemide was injected into the bracheal vein . - pubmed

infusion of endothelin-1 , 1.5 ng kg-1 min-1 , produced effects similar to those of angiotensin II on renal haemodynamics ; however , the onset of action was extremely slow compared with the effects produced by angiotensin II . - pubmed

alpha - Fetoprotein ( AFP ) production by 10(4 ) cells in 48 h increased in the A-10 Injection - treated and A-10 Injection+CDDP - treated groups as the concentration of these agents increased . - pubmed

Analysis of the sulfated molecules by chondroitinase ABC digestion followed by composite agarose / acrylamide gel electrophoresis confirmed the proteoglycan nature of the molecules . - pubmed

Immunoprecipitation of the methionine - labeled extracts with a polyclonal antibody against the core protein indicated that the reduction in glycosaminoglycan synthesis was due to an inhibition of the core protein synthesis after IL-1 treatment . - pubmed

In this study we compared 2 putative biochemical markers for rejection of pancreas allografts , serum immunoreactive anodal trypsinogen and urinary amylase , with serum creatinine in 15 simultaneously transplanted type I diabetics . - pubmed

These descending limbic structures , together with the amygdala , further send efferents to the four ascending NA , 5 - HT , DA and ACh systems . - pubmed

Therefore , the coupling of these descending limbic structures to the ascending NA , 5 - HT , DA and ACh systems completes the neural circuits responsible for the consolidation and retrieval of new declarative memories . - pubmed

ISDN and its two main hepatic metabolites , isosorbide-2 - mononitrate ( IS-2 - MN ) and isosorbide-5 - mononitrate ( IS-5 - MN ) were compared for their ability to inhibit platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 generation in vitro in response to threshold concentrations of ADP , adrenaline , collagen , thrombin and arachidonic acid . - pubmed

Generation of a platelet - active species , IS-2 - MN , and synergism with prostacyclin are novel properties of ISDN and may account for in vivo - in vitro differences in antiaggregatory properties and in vivo mechanism of action . - pubmed

Effects of estrogen on progesterone receptor synthesis during endometrial cell culture . - pubmed

The increase in the progesterone receptor depended on the concentration of estradiol , with maximal response at about 1 nM. - pubmed

The progesterone receptor response was specific for estrogen . - pubmed

Testosterone or cortisol induced small or no response on the production of progesterone receptors . - pubmed

The progesterone receptor synthesis was inhibited by cycloheximide ( 10 micrograms / ml ) or actinomycin D ( 10 micrograms / ml ) . - pubmed

lysylbradykinin ) were inhibited in the presence of thapsigargin , whereas kinin responses were potentiated if the peptide was added following a stimulus which increases cyclic AMP . - pubmed

When examined by polarimetry , the material in all three fractions revealed native collagen helical structure with melting points which ranged from 31 - 37 degrees C. When the fractions were denatured and rechromatographed on a column of agarose beads , the most acidic fraction eluted as 13 - kDa polypeptides with and without prior reduction and alkylation . - pubmed

Two 13 - kDa polypeptides , 13K2 and 13K3 , which did not contain any methionyl residues and were not cleaved with CNBr , were digested with trypsin , and the peptide digests were resolved by reversed - phase chromatography . - pubmed

To clarify the physiological role of placental corticotropin - releasing hormone ( CRH ) , we measured plasma CRH , ACTH , and cortisol throughout pregnancy . - pubmed

Maternal plasma CRH levels , which increased progressively during pregnancy , correlated well with both ACTH and cortisol in early labor , delivery , and postpartum samples , and also with cortisol levels in samples before labor . - pubmed

Role of insulin and counter - regulatory hormones in the control of hepatic glycerolipid synthesis and low - density - lipoprotein catabolism in diabetes . - pubmed

We found that the HA gene of the H4 subtype is 1738 nucleotides in length and is predicted to encode a polypeptide of 564 amino acids . - pubmed

The connecting peptide , which is removed from the precursor polypeptide by peptidases to yield the mature HA1 and HA2 polypeptides , contains only one basic amino acid . - pubmed

Prelabeled [ 3H ] AA platelets were stimulated with thrombin or collagen and the amount of free [ 3H ] AA and radiolabeled metabolites released were measured by high - performance liquid chromatography . - pubmed

The reduction in free [ 3H ] AA was accompanied by an increase ( P less than 0.01 ) in the percentage of 3H - radioactivity released as cyclooxygenase products in atopic platelets ( compared to nonatopic cells ) after stimulation with 10 and 25 micrograms / ml collagen . - pubmed

Structural modifications of metyrapone , an inhibitor of cytochrome P-450 enzyme systems , have been made to determine the requirement for the A - or B - pyridyl ring for inhibition of P-45011 beta and P-450 scc activities . - pubmed

Characterization of the mitochondrial preparation demonstrated : enhancement of both activities by the addition of 15.0 microM adrenodoxin , the addition of 1 % ethanol decreased both activities less than 10 % , and the apparent Km of deoxycorticosterone for P-45011 beta was 6.8 microM and the apparent Km of cholesterol for P-450 scc was 21.6 microM. - pubmed

Inhibition of P-45011 beta and P-450 scc activities with these compounds demonstrated : the B - pyridyl ring of metyrapone is required for inhibition of both activities whereas requirement for the A - ring is less stringent , and the four metyrapone analogs were more selective inhibitors of P-45011 beta activity . - pubmed

Both types of granules stained for basic protein and arginine . - pubmed

Comparison of amino - acid sequences of hypothalamic peptide , brain - specific histone and myelin basic protein . - pubmed

A comparative study of interferon ( IFN ) production ( type - alpha and gamma ) was carried out using Ficoll - hypaque purified fresh and cryopreserved mononuclear cells from eight normal healthy individuals . - pubmed

Cells carrying one of the phoA+ plasmids overproduce alkaline phosphatase 10 - fold upon phosphate limitation . - pubmed

aeruginosa , which increased in the presence of the iron - binding proteins lactoferrin and transferrin . - pubmed

This bacteriostasis was reduced when the iron - binding proteins were saturated with iron . - pubmed

We conclude that opiate receptor stimulation by morphine causes inhibition of the vagally mediated component of water - induced bronchoconstriction . - pubmed

The effect of S-100a and S-100b proteins and Zn2 + on the assembly of brain microtubule proteins in vitro . - pubmed

The homologous proteins S-100a and S-100b affect the microtubule system in a distinctly different way in the presence of low molar ratios of Zn2 + . - pubmed

Assembly of brain microtubule proteins can be almost completely inhibited and rapid disassembly can be induced by low molar amounts of S-100b in the presence of low molar ratios [ 2 - 4 ] of Zn2 + . - pubmed

S-100a or S-100b can not bind to the microtubule polymer - form , either in the absence or in the presence of Zn2 + . - pubmed

It is suggested that HSG in DES exposed women with fertility disturbances be performed early in the process of infertility investigation and cerclage should be considered when uterine anomalies are demonstrated . - pubmed

Cyclophosphamide ( CP ) is associated with significant pulmonary toxicity ; however , the mechanism of toxicity is unknown . - pubmed

Upon activation , CP produces 4 - hydroxycyclophosphamide , acrolein ( ACR ) and the alkylating metabolite , phosphoramide mustard . - pubmed

These studies suggest 1 ) CP is not metabolized within pulmonary artery endothelial cells , 2 ) ACR may be the principal CP metabolite involved in mediating direct injury to pulmonary artery endothelial cells and 3 ) sulfhydryl - rich agents may be effective in reducing CP - induced damage to critical endothelial cell barriers . - pubmed

A study of colchicine tubulin complex by donor quenching of fluorescence energy transfer . - pubmed

The tubulin - colchicine complex was used as a donor - acceptor system to show that two inaccessible tryptophans are at or near the colchicine binding site . - pubmed

PhoV consists of 550 amino acid residues , resulting in a molecular mass of 61.3 kDa . - pubmed

In contrast to several other alkaline phosphatases , PhoV was inhibited by Mn2 + . - pubmed

Angiotensin II , aldosterone and endothelins play a central role in the remodeling of the ECM in hypertension , and decrease collagenase activity and/or increase collagen synthesis in cultured cells . - pubmed

Cytokines may stimulate or inhibit cell growth , the latter through prostaglandin formation . - pubmed

Cardiac fibroblasts possess G - protein - coupled AT1 receptors for angiotensin II that couple to activation of multiple signalling pathways , including : phospholipase C - beta , with the subsequent release of Ca2 + from intracellular stores and activation of protein kinase C , mitogen - activated protein kinases , tyrosine kinases , phospholipase D , phosphatidic acid formation , and the STAT family of transcription factors . - pubmed

Autoradiographic analysis of nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoregrams of outer membrane preparations previously incubated with [ 35Fe]ferric vibrioferrin revealed a single radiolabeled band , in which the 78 - kDa protein was detected predominantly by sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis . - pubmed

The treated cells lost most of their iron uptake activity mediated by vibrioferrin . - pubmed

These results suggest that the ferric vibrioferrin - binding protein of 78 kDa may function as the receptor for ferric vibrioferrin involved in the initial step of vibrioferrin - mediated iron uptake . - pubmed

The cells did not stain with acetylated low density lipoprotein conjugated to the fluorescent marker octadecyl indocarbocyanine , a marker for endothelial cells and monocytes . - pubmed

10 - Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase ( 10 - FTHFDH ) is a folate - binding protein that is important in folate metabolism . - pubmed

Upon isoproterenol stimulation , beta1- and beta2AR down - regulated with a half - life of about 3 h and the beta3AR with a half - life of 30 - 40 h. Long term stimulation with both saturating ( micromolar ) and nonsaturating ( nanomolar ) concentrations of beta - adrenergic agonists caused a complete desensitization of the beta - adrenergic response at the adenylyl cyclase level and loss of stimulated protein kinase A activity and CREB phosphorylation . - pubmed